STD 11 - 10.1, thermonetry,thermal expansion and calorimetry PYQs: JEE Mains Physics

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1. 1. 10 kg of ice at \(-10^{\circ}C\) is added to 100 kg of water to lower its temperature from \(25^{\circ}C.\) Consider no heat exchange to surroundings. The decrement to the temperature of water is ___________ \(^{\circ}C.\)
   (specific heat of ice \(= 2100\ J/Kg.^{\circ}C\), specific heat of water \(= 4200\ J/Kg.^{\circ}C\), latent heat of fusion of ice \(= 3.36 \times 10^{5}\ J/Kg\)) 2026 Hard
2. 2. A brass wire of length 2 m and radius 1 mm at \(27^{\circ} C\) is held taut between two rigid supports. Initially it was cooled to a temperature of \(-43^{\circ} C\) creating a tension T in the wire. The temperature to which the wire has to be cooled in order to increase the tension in it to 1.4 T , is _________ \({ }^{\circ} C\) 2026 Easy
3. 3. A gas based geyser heats water flowing at the rate of 5.0 litres per minute from \(27^{\circ} C\) to \(87^{\circ} C\).
   The rate of consumption of the gas is ___________ \(g / s\).
   (Take heat of combustion of gas \(=5.0 \times 10^4 J / g\) ) specific heat capacity of water \(=4200 J / kg.~{ }^{\circ} C\) 2026 Easy
4. 4. An aluminium and steel rods having same lengths and cross-sections are joined to make total length of 120 cm at \(30^{\circ} C\). The coefficient of linear expansion of aluminium and steel are \(24 \times 10^{-6} /{ }^{\circ} C\) and \(1.2 \times 10^{-5} /{ }^{\circ} C\), respectively. The length of this composite rod when its temperature is raised to \(100^{\circ} C\), is _________ cm . 2026 Medium
5. 5. An ideal gas at pressure \(P\) and temperature \(T\) is expanding such that \(PT^3 = \) constant. The coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is _______. 2026 Medium
6. 6. The temperature of a metal strip having coefficient of linear expansion \(\alpha\) is increased from \(T_1\) to \(T_2\) resulting in increase of its length by \(\Delta L_1\). The temperature is further increased from \(T_2\) to \(T_3\) such that the increase in its length is \(\Delta L_2\). Given \(T_3+T_1=2T_2\) and \(T_2-T_1=\Delta T\), the value of \(\Delta L_2\) is ______. 2026 Medium
7. 7. A gun fires a lead bullet of temperature 300 K into a wooden block. The bullet having melting temperature of 600 K penetrates into the block and melts down. If the total heat required for the process is 625 J , then the mass of the bullet is __________ grams.
   (Latent heat of fusion of lead \(=2.5 \times 10^4 \mathrm{JKg}^{-1}\) and specific heat capacity of lead \(=125 \mathrm{JKg}^{-1}\) \(\left.\mathrm{K}^{-1}\right)\) 2025 Medium
8. 8. An amount of ice of mass \(10^{-3} \mathrm{~kg}\) and temperature \(-10^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is transformed to vapour of temperature \(110^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) by applying heat. The total amount of work required for this conversion is, (Take, specific heat of ice \(=2100 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\), specific heat of water \(=4180 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\), specific heat of steam \(=1920 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\), Latent heat of ice \(=3.35 \times 10^5 \mathrm{Jkg}^{-1}\) and Latent heat of steam \(=2.25 \times 10^6\) \(\mathrm{Jkg}^{-1}\) ) 2025 Medium
9. 9. Consider a rectangular sheet of solid material of length \(\ell=9 \mathrm{~cm}\) and width \(\mathrm{d}=4 \mathrm{~cm}\). The coefficient of linear expansion is \(\alpha=3.1 \times 10^{-5} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\) at room temperature and one atmospheric pressure. The mass of sheet \(\mathrm{m}=0.1 \mathrm{~kg}\) and the specific heat capacity \(\mathrm{C}_{\mathrm{v}}=900 \mathrm{~J} \mathrm{~kg}^{-1} \mathrm{~K}^{-1}\). If the amount of heat supplied to the material is \(8.1 \times 10^2 \mathrm{~J}\) then change in area of the rectangular sheet is :- 2025 Easy
10. 10. Water falls from a height of 200 m into a pool. Calculate the rise in temperature of the water assuming no heat dissipation from the water in the pool.
    \(\left(\right.\)Take \(g=10 \mathrm{~m} / \mathrm{s}^2\), specific heat of water \(\left.=4200 \mathrm{~J} /(\mathrm{kg} \mathrm{K})\right)\) 2025 Medium
11. 11. On celcius scale the temperature of body increases by \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\). The increase in temperature on Fahrenheit scale is _______. 2024 Hard
12. 12. A faulty thermometer reads \(5^{\circ} C\) in melting ice and \(95^{\circ} C\) in steam. The correct temperature on absolute scale will be. \(.........K\) when the faulty thermometer reads \(41^{\circ} C\). 2023 Medium
13. 13. A hole is drilled in a metal sheet. At \(27^{\circ} C\), the diameter of hole is 5 cm . When the sheet is heated to \(177^{\circ} C\), the change in the diameter of hole is \(d \times 10^{-3} cm\). The value of \(d\) will be ________ , if coefficient of linear expansion of the metal is \(1.6 \times 10^{-5} /{ }^{\circ} C\) 2023 Medium
14. 14. A thin rod having a length of \(1\; m\) and area of cross-section \(3 \times 10^{-6}\,m ^2\) is suspended vertically from one end. The rod is cooled from \(210^{\circ}\,C\) to \(160^{\circ}\,C\). After cooling, a mass \(M\) is attached at the lower end of the rod such that the length of rod again becomes \(1\,m\). Young's modulus and coefficient of linear expansion of the rod are \(2 \times 10^{11} Nm ^{-2}\) and \(2 \times 10^{-5} K ^{-1}\), respectively. The value of \(M\) is \(.......kg .\left(\right.\) Take \(\left.g=10\,m s ^{-2}\right)\) 2023 Medium
15. 15. A water heater of power \(2000\,W\) is used to heat water. The specific heat capacity of water is \(4200\,J\,kg ^{-1}\, K ^{-1}\). The efficiency of heater is \(70 \%\). Time required to heat \(2\,kg\) of water from \(10^{\circ}\,C\) to \(60^{\circ}\,C\) is \(..........s\). (Assume that the specific heat capacity of water remains constant over the temperature range of the water). 2023 Medium
16. 16. Heat energy of \(184\,kJ\) is given to ice of mass \(600\,g\) at \(-12^{\circ}\,C\), Specific heat of ice is \(2222.3\,J\,kg ^{-1^{\circ}}\,C ^{-1}\) and latent heat of ice in \(336\,kJ / kg ^{-1}\) \((A)\) Final temperature of system will be \(0^{\circ} C\). \((B)\) Final temperature of the system will be greater than \(0^{\circ} C\). \((C)\) The final system will have a mixture of ice and water in the ratio of \(5: 1\). \((D)\) The final system will have a mixture of ice and water in the ratio of \(1: 5\). \((E)\) The final system will have water only. Choose the correct answer from the options given below: 2023 Hard
17. 17. On a temperature scale \(X\). The boiling point of water is \(65^{\circ} X\) and the freezing point is \(-15^{\circ} X\). Assume that the \(X\) scale is linear. The equivalent temperature corresponding to \(-95^{\circ} X\) on the Farenheit scale would be \(..........^{\circ} F\) 2023 Medium
18. 18. The graph between two temperature scales \(P\) and \(Q\) is shown in the figure. Between upper fixed point and lower fixed point there are \(150\) equal divisions of scale \(P\) and \(100\) divisions on scale \(Q\). The relationship for conversion between the two scales is given by :
    2023 Medium
19. 19. The pressure \(( P )\) and temperature \(( T )\) relationship of an ideal gas obeys the equation \(PT ^2=\) constant. The volume expansion coefficient of the gas will be: 2023 Hard
20. 20. A \(100 \,g\) of iron nail is hit by a \(1.5\, kg\) hammer striking at a velocity of \(60\, ms ^{-1}\). \(............^{\circ}C\) will be the rise in the temperature of the nail if one fourth of energy of the hammer goes into heating the nail . [Specific heat capacity of iron  \(=0.42\, Jg ^{-1}{ }\,^{\circ}C ^{-1}\) ] 2022 Medium
21. 21. A block of ice of mass \(120\,g\) at temperature \(0^{\circ} C\) is put in \(300\,gm\) of water at \(25^{\circ} C\). The \(xg\) of ice melts as the temperature of the water reaches \(0^{\circ} C\). The value of \(x\) is [Use: Specific heat capacity of water \(=4200\) \(J\,kg ^{-1} K ^{-1}\), Latent heat of ice \(\left.=3.5 \times 10^{5} J\,kg ^{-1}\right]\) 2022 Medium
22. 22. A copper block of mass \(5.0\, kg\) is heated to a temperature of \(500^{\circ} C\) and is placed on a large ice block. What is the maximum amount of ice (ઇન \(kg\)) that can melt? [Specific heat of copper: \(0.39\, Jg ^{-1 \circ} C ^{-1}\) and latent heat of fusion of water : \(335 \,J g ^{-1}\) ] 2022 Medium
23. 23. A geyser heats water flowing at a rate of \(2.0 kg\) per minute from \(30^{\circ} C\) to \(70^{\circ} C\). If geyser operates on a gas burner, the rate of combustion of fuel will be \(\dots \; g \min ^{-1}\) [Heat of combustion \(=8 \times 10^{3} Jg ^{-1}\)  Specific heat of water \(=4.2 Jg ^{-1} \; { }^{\circ} C ^{-1}\) ] 2022 Hard
24. 24. A lead bullet penetrates into a solid object and melts. Assuming that \(40 \%\) of its kinetic energy is used to heat it, the initial speed of bullet is ............ \(ms ^{-1}\) (Given, initial temperature of the bullet \(=127^{\circ} C\), Melting point of the bullet \(=327^{\circ} C\), Latent heat of fusion of lead \(=2.5 \times 10^{4} \,J Kg ^{-1}\), Specific heat capacity of lead \(=125 \,J / kg K\) ) 2022 Medium
25. 25. A solid metallic cube having total surface area \(24\;m ^{2}\) is uniformly heated. If its temperature is increased by \(10\,^{\circ} C\), calculate the increase in volume of the cube \(\left(\right.\) Given \(\left.: \alpha=5.0 \times 10^{-4}{ }^{\circ} C ^{-1}\right)\) 2022 Medium
26. 26. A steam engine intakes \(50\, g\) of steam at \(100^{\circ} C\) per minute and cools it down to \(20^{\circ} C\). If latent heat of vaporization of steam is \(540 \,cal g ^{-1}\), then the heat rejected by the steam engine per minute is .........\(\times 10^{3}\)\(cal.\) 2022 Medium
27. 27. A unit scale is to be prepared whose length does not change with temperature and remains \(20\,cm\), using a bimetallic strip made of brass and iron each of different length. The length of both components would change in such a way that difference between their lengths remains constant. If length of brass is \(40\,cm\) and length of iron will be\(...cm\) \(\left(\alpha_{\text {iron }}=1.2 \times 10^{-5} K ^{-1}\right.\) and \(\left.\alpha_{\text {brass }}=1.8 \times 10^{-5} K ^{-1}\right)\). 2022 Hard
28. 28. At what temperature (in \( ^{\circ} C\)) a gold ring of diameter \(6.230\) \(cm\) be heated so that it can be fitted on a wooden bangle of diameter \(6.241 \,cm\) ? Both the diameters have been measured at room temperature \(\left(27^{\circ} C \right)\). (Given: coefficient of linear thermal expansion of gold \(\alpha_{L}=1.4 \times 10^{-5} \,K ^{-1}\) ) 2022 Medium
29. 29. A bimetallic strip consists of metals \(A\) and \(B\). It is mounted rigidly as shown. The metal \(A\) has higher coefficient of expansion compared to that of metal \(B\). When the bimetallic strip is placed in a cold both, it will :
    2021 Hard
30. 30. A steel rod with \({y}=2.0 \times 10^{11} \,{Nm}^{-2}\) and \(\alpha=10^{-5}{ }^{\circ} {C}^{-1}\) of length \(4\, {m}\) and area of cross-section \(10\, {cm}^{2}\) is heated from \(0^{\circ} {C}\) to \(400^{\circ} {C}\) without being allowed to extend. The tension produced in the rod is \({x} \times 10^{5} \, {N}\) where the value of \({x}\) is ....... . 2021 Medium
31. 31. An ideal gas is expanding such that \({PT}^{3}=\) constant. The coefficient of volume expansion of the gas is: 2021 Hard
32. 32. Due to cold weather a \(1\, {m}\) water pipe of cross-sectional area \(1\, {cm}^{2}\) is filled with ice at \(-10^{\circ} {C}\). Resistive heating is used to melt the ice. Current of \(0.5\, {A}\) is passed through \(4\, {k} \Omega\) resistance. Assuming that all the heat produced is used for melting, what is the minimum time required ? (In \({s}\)) (Given latent heat of fusion for water/ice \(=3.33 \times 10^{5}\, {J} {kg}^{-1}\), specific heat of ice \(=2 \times 10^{3}\, {J}\) \({kg}^{-1}\) and density of ice \(=10^{3}\, {kg} / {m}^{3}\) 2021 Hard
33. 33. Each side of a box made of metal sheet in cubic shape is \('a'\) at room temperature \('T'\), the coefficient of linear expansion of the metal sheet is \(^{\prime} \alpha^{\prime}\). The metal sheet is heated uniformly, by a small temperature \(\Delta T\), so that its new temperature is \(T +\Delta T\). Calculate the increase in the volume of the metal box. 2021 Medium
34. 34. Given below are two statement : one is labelled as Assertion \(A\) and the other is labelled as Reason \(R\). Assertion \(A\) : When a rod lying freely is heated, no thermal stress is developed in it. Reason \(R :\) On heating the length of the rod increases. In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below 2021 Medium
35. 35. If the length of the pendulum in pendulum clock increases by \(0.1\, \%\), then the error in time per day is: (in \(s\)) 2021 Hard
36. 36. The height of victoria falls is \(63\, {m}\). What is the difference in temperature of water at the top and at the bottom of fall ? (In \(^{\circ} {C}\)) [Given \(1\, {cal}=4.2\, {J}\) and specific heat of water \(\left.=1 \,{cal} \,{g}^{-1}\;{ }^{\circ}\, {C}^{-1}\right]\) 2021 Medium
37. 37. The temperature of equal masses of three different liquids \({x}, {y}\) and \({z}\) are \(10^{\circ} {C}, 20^{\circ} {C}\) and \(30^{\circ} {C}\) respectively. The temperature of mixture when \({x}\) is mixed with \({y}\) is \(16^{\circ} {C}\) and that when \({y}\) is mixed with \(z\) is \(26^{\circ} {C}\). The temperature of mixture when \(x\) and \(z\) are mixed will be ...... \(^{\circ} {C}\) 2021 Hard
38. 38. Two different metal bodies \(A\) and \(B\) of equal mass are heated at a uniform rate under similar conditions. The variation of temperature of the bodies is graphically represented as shown in the figure. The ratio of specific heat capacities is :
    2021 Medium
39. 39. A bakelite beaker has volume capacity of \(500\, cc\) at \(30^{\circ} C\). When it is partially filled with \(V _{ m }\) volume (at \(30^{\circ}\) ) of mercury, it is found that the unfilled volume of the beaker remains constant as temperature is varied. If \(\gamma_{\text {(beaker) }}=6 \times 10^{-6}{ }^{\circ} C ^{-1}\) and \(\gamma_{(\text {mercury })}=1.5 \times 10^{-4}{ }^{\circ} C ^{-1},\) where \(\gamma\) is the coefficient of volume expansion, then \(V _{ m }(\)in \(cc )\) is close to 2020 Hard
40. 40. A bullet of mass \(5\, g\), travelling with a speed of \(210\) \(m / s ,\) strikes a fixed wooden target. One half of its kinetic energy is converted into heat in the bullet while the other half is converted into heat in the wood. The rise of temperature of the bullet if the specific heat of its material is \(0.030\, cal /\left( g -{ }^{\circ} C \right)\) \(\left(1\, cal =4.2 \times 10^{7}\, ergs \right)\) close to\(.......^oC\) 2020 Medium
41. 41. A calorimeter of water equivalent \(20\, g\) contains \(180\, g\) of water at \(25^{\circ} C\). '\(m\)' grams of steam at \(100^{\circ} C\) is mixed in it till the temperature of the mixure is \(31^{\circ} C\). The value of \('m'\) is close to (Latent heat of water \(=540\) cal \(g ^{-1}\), specific heat of water \(=1\) cal \(g^{-1}{ }^{\circ} C ^{-1}\) ) 2020 Medium
42. 42. \(M\) grams of steam at \(100^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) is mixed with \(200\; \mathrm{g}\) of ice at its melting point in a thermally insulated container. If it produces liquid water at \(40^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) [heat of vaporization of water is \(540 \;cal/\mathrm{g}\) and heat of fusion of ice is \(80 \;\text { cal/g }]\) the value of \(\mathrm{M}\) is 2020 Medium
43. 43. The specific heat of water \(=4200\, J\, kg ^{-1}\, K ^{-1}\) and the latent heat of ice \(=3.4 \times 10^{5}\, J\, kg ^{-1}.\) \(100\) grams of ice at \(0^{\circ} C\) is placed in \(200\, g\) of water at \(25^{\circ} C\). The amount of ice that will melt as the temperature of water reaches \(0^{\circ} C\) is close to (in \(grams\))  2020 Medium
44. 44. Three containers \(\mathrm{C}_{1}, \mathrm{C}_{2}\) and \(\mathrm{C}_{3}\) have water at different temperatures. The table below shows the final temperature \(T\) when different amounts of water (given in litres) are taken from each containers and mixed (assume no loss of heat during the process) \(\begin{array}{|c|c|c|c|}\hline \mathrm{C_{1 }} & {\mathrm{C}_{2}} & {\mathrm{C}_{3}} & {\mathrm{T}} \\ \hline {1 l} & {2 l} & {-} & {60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}} \\ \hline {-} & {1 l} & {2 l} & {30^{\circ} \mathrm{C}} \\ \hline  {2 l} & {-} & {1 l} & {60^{\circ} \mathrm{C}} \\ \hline  {1 l} & {1 l} & {1 l} & {\theta} \\ \hline\end{array}\) The value of \(\theta\) (in \(^{\circ} \mathrm{C}\) to the nearest integer) is 2020 Hard
45. 45. Two different wires having lengths \(L _{1}\) and \(L _{2}\) and respective temperature coefficient of linear expansion \(\alpha_{1}\) and \(\alpha_{2},\) are joined end-to-end. Then the effective temperature coefficient of linear expansion is 2020 Hard
46. 46. When the temperature of a metal wire is increased from \(0^{\circ} \,C\) to \(10^{\circ}\, C\), its length increases by \(0.02 \% .\) The percentage change in its mass density will be closest to: 2020 Hard
47. 47. A metal bal of mass \(0.1\, kg\) is heated upto \(500\,{}^oC\) and dropped into a vessel of heat capacity \(800\, JK^{-1}\) and containing \(0.5\, kg\) water. The initial temperature of water and vessel is \(30\,{}^oC\). ........ \(\%\) is the approximate percentage increment in the temperature of the water. [Specific heat Capacities of water and metal are, respectively \(4200\, Jkg^{-1}K^{-1}\) and \(400\, Jkg^{-1}K^{-1}\)] 2019 Hard
48. 48. A thermally insulted vessel contains \(150\, g\) of water at \(0\,^oC\). Then the air from the vessel is pumped out a adiabatically. A fraction of water turns into ice and the rest evaporates at \(0\,^oC\) itself. The mass of evaporated water will be closes to ....... \(g\) (Latent heat of vaporization of water \(= 2.10 \times10^6\, Jkg^{-1}\) and Laten heat of Fusion of water \( = 3.36 \times10^5\,Jkg^{-1}\) ) 2019 Hard
49. 49. A thermometer graduated according to a linear scale reads a value \(x_0\) when in contact with boiling water, and \(x_0/3\) when in contact with ice. What is the temperature of an object in \({}^oC\), if this thermometer in the contact with the object reads \(x_0/2\) ? 2019 Hard
50. 50. A uniform cylindrical rod of length \(L\) and radius \(r\), is made from a material whose Young's modulus of Elasticity equals \(Y\). When this rod is heated by temperature \(T\) and simultaneously subjected to a net longitudinal compressional force \(F\), its length remains unchanged. The coefficient of volume expansion, of the material of the rod, is (nearly) equals to 2019 Hard

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