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Which of the following is CORRECT with respect to the property mentioned against it?
- A Osmotic pressure at \(298\) K: \(0.1\) M NaCl solution \(<\) \(0.1\) M Urea solution
- B Concentration of NaCl in the solution \(2\) ppm \(> 2\) M
- C \(\Delta T_b\): \(0.02\) M Urea solution \(> 0.02\) M NaCl solution
- D Vapour pressure at \(298\) K: Salt water \(<\) Pure water
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(D) Vapour pressure at \(298\) K: Salt water \(<\) Pure water
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Osmotic pressure is given by \(\pi = iCRT\). For NaCl, the van't Hoff factor \(i = 2\), and for urea, \(i = 1\). Thus, the osmotic pressure of \(0.1\) M NaCl is greater than that of \(0.1\) M urea.
Concentration of \(2\) ppm means \(2\) mg of solute per liter of solution, which is much less than \(2\) M NaCl (\(117\) g per liter).
Elevation in boiling point is given by \(\Delta T_b = iK_bm\). Since \(i = 2\) for NaCl and \(i = 1\) for urea, \(\Delta T_b\) for \(0.02\) M NaCl is greater than that for \(0.02\) M urea.
Addition of a non-volatile solute (salt) to a volatile solvent (water) results in a lowering of the vapour pressure of the solution. Therefore, the vapour pressure of salt water is less than that of pure water at the same temperature.
Answer: Vapour pressure at \(298\) K: Salt water \(<\) Pure water
Concentration of \(2\) ppm means \(2\) mg of solute per liter of solution, which is much less than \(2\) M NaCl (\(117\) g per liter).
Elevation in boiling point is given by \(\Delta T_b = iK_bm\). Since \(i = 2\) for NaCl and \(i = 1\) for urea, \(\Delta T_b\) for \(0.02\) M NaCl is greater than that for \(0.02\) M urea.
Addition of a non-volatile solute (salt) to a volatile solvent (water) results in a lowering of the vapour pressure of the solution. Therefore, the vapour pressure of salt water is less than that of pure water at the same temperature.
Answer: Vapour pressure at \(298\) K: Salt water \(<\) Pure water
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