JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 14. Ellipse
An ellipse intersects the hyperbola \(2 x^2-2 y^2=1\) orthogonally. The eccentricity of the ellipse is reciprocal to that of the hyperbola. If the axes of the ellipse are along the coordinate axes, then
- A
equation of ellipse is \(x^2+2 y^2=2\)
- B
the foci of ellipse are \((\pm 1,0)\)
- C
equation of ellipse is \(x^2+2 y^2=4\)
- D
the foci of ellipse are \((\pm \sqrt{2}, 0)\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B)
the foci of ellipse are \((\pm 1,0)\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Given, \(2 x^2-2 y^2=1\)
\[
\Rightarrow \quad \frac{x^2}{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}-\frac{y^2}{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}=1
\]
Eccentricity of hyperbola \(=\sqrt{2}\)
So, eccentricity of ellipse \(=1 / \sqrt{2}\)
Let equation of ellipse be
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b) \Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{b^2}{a^2}} \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \frac{b^2}{a^2}=\frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow a^2=2 b^2 \\
& \therefore \quad x^2+2 y^2=2 b^2 \\
&
\end{aligned}
\]
Let ellipse and hyperbola intersect at
\[
A\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sec \theta, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \tan \theta\right)
\]
On differentiating Eq. (i),
\[
4 x-4 y \frac{d y}{d x}=0 \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{x}{y}
\]
\[
\therefore \quad\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)_{\text {at } A}=\frac{\sec \theta}{\tan \theta}=\operatorname{cosec} \theta
\]
On differentiating Eq. (ii),
\[
2 x+4 y \frac{d y}{d x}=0
\]
\[
\therefore \quad\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)_{\text {at } A}=-\frac{x}{2 y}=-\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{cosec} \theta
\]
Since, ellipse and hyperbola are orthogonal.
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore \quad-\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=-1 \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=2 \Rightarrow \theta=\pm \frac{\pi}{4} \\
& \therefore A\left(1, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \text { or }\left(1,-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)
\end{aligned}
\]
From Eq. (i), \(1+2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2=2 b^2\) \(\Rightarrow \quad b^2=1\)
Equation of ellipse is \(x^2+2 y^2=2\)
Coordinate of foci \((\pm a e, 0)\)
\[
=\left(\pm \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0\right)=(\pm 1,0)
\]
Hence, options (a) and (b) are correct. If major axis is along \(Y\)-axis, then
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{a^2}{b^2}} \Rightarrow b^2=2 a^2 \\
& \therefore 2 x^2+y^2=2 a^2 \Rightarrow y^{\prime}=-\frac{2 x}{y} \\
& \Rightarrow \quad y^{\prime}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sec \theta \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \tan \theta\right)=\frac{-2}{\sin \theta} \\
&
\end{aligned}
\]
As ellipse and hyperbola are orthogonal.
\[
\begin{array}{ll}
\therefore & -\frac{2}{\sin \theta} \cdot \operatorname{cosec} \theta=-1 \\
\Rightarrow & \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=1 \Rightarrow \theta=\pm \frac{\pi}{4} \\
\therefore & 2 x^2+y^2=2 a^2 \Rightarrow 2+\frac{1}{2}=2 a^2 \\
\Rightarrow & a^2=\frac{5}{4} \Rightarrow 2 x^2+y^2=\frac{5}{2}
\end{array}
\]
Corresponding foci are \((0, \pm 1)\).
\[
\Rightarrow \quad \frac{x^2}{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}-\frac{y^2}{\left(\frac{1}{2}\right)}=1
\]
Eccentricity of hyperbola \(=\sqrt{2}\)
So, eccentricity of ellipse \(=1 / \sqrt{2}\)
Let equation of ellipse be
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \frac{x^2}{a^2}+\frac{y^2}{b^2}=1(a>b) \Rightarrow \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{b^2}{a^2}} \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \frac{b^2}{a^2}=\frac{1}{2} \Rightarrow a^2=2 b^2 \\
& \therefore \quad x^2+2 y^2=2 b^2 \\
&
\end{aligned}
\]
Let ellipse and hyperbola intersect at
\[
A\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sec \theta, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \tan \theta\right)
\]
On differentiating Eq. (i),
\[
4 x-4 y \frac{d y}{d x}=0 \Rightarrow \frac{d y}{d x}=\frac{x}{y}
\]
\[
\therefore \quad\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)_{\text {at } A}=\frac{\sec \theta}{\tan \theta}=\operatorname{cosec} \theta
\]
On differentiating Eq. (ii),
\[
2 x+4 y \frac{d y}{d x}=0
\]
\[
\therefore \quad\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)_{\text {at } A}=-\frac{x}{2 y}=-\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{cosec} \theta
\]
Since, ellipse and hyperbola are orthogonal.
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \therefore \quad-\frac{1}{2} \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=-1 \\
& \Rightarrow \quad \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=2 \Rightarrow \theta=\pm \frac{\pi}{4} \\
& \therefore A\left(1, \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right) \text { or }\left(1,-\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)
\end{aligned}
\]
From Eq. (i), \(1+2\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}\right)^2=2 b^2\) \(\Rightarrow \quad b^2=1\)
Equation of ellipse is \(x^2+2 y^2=2\)
Coordinate of foci \((\pm a e, 0)\)
\[
=\left(\pm \sqrt{2} \cdot \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}, 0\right)=(\pm 1,0)
\]
Hence, options (a) and (b) are correct. If major axis is along \(Y\)-axis, then
\[
\begin{aligned}
& \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=\sqrt{1-\frac{a^2}{b^2}} \Rightarrow b^2=2 a^2 \\
& \therefore 2 x^2+y^2=2 a^2 \Rightarrow y^{\prime}=-\frac{2 x}{y} \\
& \Rightarrow \quad y^{\prime}\left(\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \sec \theta \frac{1}{\sqrt{2}} \tan \theta\right)=\frac{-2}{\sin \theta} \\
&
\end{aligned}
\]
As ellipse and hyperbola are orthogonal.
\[
\begin{array}{ll}
\therefore & -\frac{2}{\sin \theta} \cdot \operatorname{cosec} \theta=-1 \\
\Rightarrow & \operatorname{cosec}^2 \theta=1 \Rightarrow \theta=\pm \frac{\pi}{4} \\
\therefore & 2 x^2+y^2=2 a^2 \Rightarrow 2+\frac{1}{2}=2 a^2 \\
\Rightarrow & a^2=\frac{5}{4} \Rightarrow 2 x^2+y^2=\frac{5}{2}
\end{array}
\]
Corresponding foci are \((0, \pm 1)\).
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