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JEE Mains · Physics · STD 11 - 10.1, thermonetry,thermal expansion and calorimetry
  • JEE Mains 2017
  • Hard
  • MCQ

A steel rail of length \(5\,m\) and area of cross-section \(40\,cm^2\) is prevented from expanding along its length while the temperature rises by \(10\,^oC\). If coefficient of linear expansion and Young's modulus of steel are \(1.2\times10^{-5}\, K^{-1}\) and \(2\times10^{11}\, Nm^{-2}\) respectively, the force developed in the rail is approximately

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Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(B) \(1\times10^5\, N\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

\(Young's\,modulus\)

\( = \frac{{Thermal\,stress}}{{Strain}} = \frac{{F/A}}{{\Delta L/L}}\)

\(Y = \frac{F}{{A.\alpha .\Delta \theta }}\)

\(\left( {\frac{{\Delta L}}{L} = \alpha \,\Delta \,\theta } \right)\)

Force developed in the rail \(F = YA\,\alpha \,\Delta t\)\( = 2 \times {10^{11}} \times 40 \times {10^{ - 4}} \times 1.2 \times {10^{ - 5}} \times 10\)

\( = 9.6 \times {10^4} = 1 \times {10^5}N\)

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