JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 30. Vector Algebra
Paragraph:
Consider the lines: \(L_1: \frac{x+1}{3}=\frac{y+2}{1}=\frac{z+1}{2}, L_2: \frac{x-2}{1}=\frac{y+2}{2}=\frac{z-3}{3}\)Question:
The unit vector perpendicular to both \(L_1\) and \(L_2\) is
- A
\(\frac{-\hat{\mathbf{i}}+7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+7 \hat{\mathbf{k}}}{\sqrt{99}}\)
- B
\(\frac{-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}}}{5 \sqrt{3}}\)
- C
\(\frac{-\hat{\mathbf{i}}+7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}}}{5 \sqrt{3}}\)
- D
\(\frac{7 \hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}-\hat{\mathbf{k}}}{\sqrt{99}}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B)
\(\frac{-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}}}{5 \sqrt{3}}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
The equations of given lines in vector form may be written as
\[
L_1: \mathbf{r}(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}-\hat{\mathbf{k}})+\lambda(3 \hat{\mathbf{i}}+\hat{\mathbf{j}}+2 \hat{\mathbf{k}})
\]
and \(L_2: \mathbf{r}=(2 \hat{\mathbf{i}}-2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+3 \hat{\mathbf{k}})+\mu(\hat{\mathbf{i}}+2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+3 \hat{\mathbf{k}})\)
\(\therefore\) The vector perpendicular to both \(L_1\) and \(L_2\) is
\[
\left|\begin{array}{rrr}
\hat{\mathbf{i}} & \hat{\mathbf{j}} & \hat{\mathbf{k}} \\
3 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|=-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}}
\]
\[
\begin{aligned}
\therefore \text { Required unit vector } & =\frac{(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}})}{\sqrt{(-1)^2+(-7)^2+(5)^2}} \\
& =\frac{1}{5 \sqrt{3}}(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}})
\end{aligned}
\]
\[
L_1: \mathbf{r}(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}-\hat{\mathbf{k}})+\lambda(3 \hat{\mathbf{i}}+\hat{\mathbf{j}}+2 \hat{\mathbf{k}})
\]
and \(L_2: \mathbf{r}=(2 \hat{\mathbf{i}}-2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+3 \hat{\mathbf{k}})+\mu(\hat{\mathbf{i}}+2 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+3 \hat{\mathbf{k}})\)
\(\therefore\) The vector perpendicular to both \(L_1\) and \(L_2\) is
\[
\left|\begin{array}{rrr}
\hat{\mathbf{i}} & \hat{\mathbf{j}} & \hat{\mathbf{k}} \\
3 & 1 & 2 \\
1 & 2 & 3
\end{array}\right|=-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}}
\]
\[
\begin{aligned}
\therefore \text { Required unit vector } & =\frac{(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}})}{\sqrt{(-1)^2+(-7)^2+(5)^2}} \\
& =\frac{1}{5 \sqrt{3}}(-\hat{\mathbf{i}}-7 \hat{\mathbf{j}}+5 \hat{\mathbf{k}})
\end{aligned}
\]
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