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JEE Mains · Physics · STD 11 - 13. oscillations

The motion of a mass on a spring, with spring constant \({K}\) is as shown in figure. The equation of motion is given by \(x(t)= A sin \omega t+ Bcos\omega t\) with \(\omega=\sqrt{\frac{K}{m}}\) Suppose that at time \(t=0\), the position of mass is \(x(0)\) and velocity \(v(0)\), then its displacement can also be represented as \(x(t)=C \cos (\omega t-\phi)\), where \(C\) and \(\phi\) are

  1. A \({C}=\sqrt{\frac{2 {v}(0)^{2}}{\omega^{2}}+{x}(0)^{2}}, \phi=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{{x}(0) \omega}{2 {v}(0)}\right)\)
  2. B \({C}=\sqrt{\frac{{v}(0)^{2}}{\omega^{2}}+{x}(0)^{2}}, \phi=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{{x}(0) \omega}{{v}(0)}\right)\)
  3. C \(C=\sqrt{\frac{2 v(0)^{2}}{\omega^{2}}+x(0)^{2}}, \phi=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{v(0)}{x(0) \omega}\right)\)
  4. D \({C}=\sqrt{\frac{{v}(0)^{2}}{\omega^{2}}+{x}(0)^{2}}, \phi=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{{v}(0)}{{x}(0) \omega}\right)\)
Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) \({C}=\sqrt{\frac{{v}(0)^{2}}{\omega^{2}}+{x}(0)^{2}}, \phi=\tan ^{-1}\left(\frac{{v}(0)}{{x}(0) \omega}\right)\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

\(x={A} \sin \omega {t}+{B} \sin \omega {t}\) \({v} ={A} \sin \omega {t}+{Bcos} \omega {t}\) \({{dt}}={A} \omega \cos \omega {t}-{B} \omega \sin \omega {t}\) \({At} {t}=0, {x}(0)={B}\) \({v}(0)={A} \omega\) \({x}={A} \sin \omega {t}+{B} \sin \left(\omega {t}+90^{\circ}\right)\)…
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