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JEE Advanced · Physics · 15. Oscillations

A block with mass M is connected by a massless spring with stiffness constant k to a rigid wall and moves without friction on a horizontal surface. The block oscillates with small amplitude A about an equilibrium position x 0 . Consider two cases : (i) when the block is at x 0 ; and (ii) when the block is at x = x 0 + A . In both the cases, a particle with mass m < M is softly placed on the block after which they stick to each other. Which of the following statement(s) is(are) true about the motion after the mass m is placed on the mass M?

  1. A The amplitude of oscillation in the first case changes by a factor of M m + M whereas in the second case it remains unchanged
  2. B The final time period of oscillation in both the cases is same
  3. C The total energy decreases in both the cases
  4. D The instantaneous speed at x 0 of the combined masses decreases in both the cases.
Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(A) The amplitude of oscillation in the first case changes by a factor of M m + M whereas in the second case it remains unchanged

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

T i = 2 π M K , T f = 2 π M + m K
Case (i):
M A ω = M + m V
Velocity decreases at equilibrium position.
By energy conservation
A f = A i M M + m
Case (ii):
No energy loss, amplitude remains same
At equilibrium x 0 velocity = A ω
In both cases ω decrease so velocity decreases in both cases
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