JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 24. Differentiation
Paragraph:
Consider the function \(f:(-\infty, \infty) \rightarrow(-\infty, \infty)\) defined by \(f(x)=\frac{x^2-a x+1}{x^2+a x+1} ; 0 < a < 2\)Question:
Which of the following is true ?
- A
\((2+a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(1)+(2-a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(-1)=0\)
- B
\((2-a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(1)-(2+a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(-1)=0\)
- C
\(f^{\prime}(1) f^{\prime}(-1)=(2-a)^2\)
- D
\(f^{\prime}(1) f^{\prime}(-1)=-(2+a)^2\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(A)
\((2+a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(1)+(2-a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(-1)=0\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\because f(x)= & \frac{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)-2 a x}{x^2+a x+1}=1-\frac{2 a x}{x^2+a x+1} \\
\therefore \quad f^{\prime}(x) & =-\left[\frac{\left(x^2+a x+1\right) \cdot 2 a-2 a x(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right] \\
& =-\left[\frac{-2 a x^2+2 a}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right]=2 a\left[\frac{\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right]
\end{aligned}
\[
\]
\begin{aligned}
& \text { and } \begin{aligned}
f^{\prime \prime}(x) & =2 a\left[\frac{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2(2 x)-2\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+a x+1\right)(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^4}\right] \\
& =2 a\left[\frac{2 x\left(x^2+a x+1\right)-2\left(x^2-1\right)(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^3}\right]
\end{aligned} \\
& \text { Now, } f^{\prime \prime}(1)=\frac{4 a(a+2)}{(a+2)^3}=\frac{4 a}{(a+2)^2}
\end{aligned}
\[
and \(f(-1)=\frac{4 a(a-2)}{(2-a)^3}=-\frac{4 a}{(a-2)^2}\)
\]
\therefore(2+a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(1)+(2-a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(-1)=4 a-4 a=0
$$
\therefore \quad f^{\prime}(x) & =-\left[\frac{\left(x^2+a x+1\right) \cdot 2 a-2 a x(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right] \\
& =-\left[\frac{-2 a x^2+2 a}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right]=2 a\left[\frac{\left(x^2-1\right)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2}\right]
\end{aligned}
\[
\]
\begin{aligned}
& \text { and } \begin{aligned}
f^{\prime \prime}(x) & =2 a\left[\frac{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^2(2 x)-2\left(x^2-1\right)\left(x^2+a x+1\right)(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^4}\right] \\
& =2 a\left[\frac{2 x\left(x^2+a x+1\right)-2\left(x^2-1\right)(2 x+a)}{\left(x^2+a x+1\right)^3}\right]
\end{aligned} \\
& \text { Now, } f^{\prime \prime}(1)=\frac{4 a(a+2)}{(a+2)^3}=\frac{4 a}{(a+2)^2}
\end{aligned}
\[
and \(f(-1)=\frac{4 a(a-2)}{(2-a)^3}=-\frac{4 a}{(a-2)^2}\)
\]
\therefore(2+a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(1)+(2-a)^2 f^{\prime \prime}(-1)=4 a-4 a=0
$$
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