AP EAMCET · PHYSICS · Thermodynamics

An ideal gas is taken from state- $1$ to state- $2$ through optional path $A, B, C$ and $D$ as shown in the $P - V$ diagram. Let $Q, W$ and $U$ represent the heat supplied, work done and change internal energy respectively, then

A $Q_{A} - Q_{D} = W_{A} - W_{D}$
B $Q_{B} - W_{B} > Q_{C} - W_{C}$
C $W_{A} < W_{B} < W_{C} < W_{D}$
D $Q_{A} < Q_{B} < Q_{C} < Q_{D}$

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(A) $Q_{A} - Q_{D} = W_{A} - W_{D}$

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

The first law of thermodynamics is a version of the law of conservation of energy, adapted for thermodynamic processes, distinguishing two kinds of transfer of energy, as heat and as thermodynamic work, and relating them to a function of a body's state, called internal energy.

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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An ideal gas is taken from state-1 to state-2 through optional path A, B, C and D as shown in the P-V diagram. Let Q, W and U represent the heat supplied, work done and change internal energy respectively, then

Step-by-step Solution

An ideal gas is taken from state- $1$ to state- $2$ through optional path $A, B, C$ and $D$ as shown in the $P - V$ diagram. Let $Q, W$ and $U$ represent the heat supplied, work done and change internal energy respectively, then