KCET · Chemistry · Thermodynamics (C)
Which of the following is a correct statement for a thermodynamic system?
- A The internal energy changes in all processes
- B Internal energy and entropy are state functions
- C Work is a state function
- D The work done in an adiabatic process is always zero
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B) Internal energy and entropy are state functions
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Internal energy (\(U\)) and entropy (\(S\)) depend only on the initial and final states of the system and are independent of the path followed. Therefore, they are state functions.
Internal energy does not change in an isothermal process for an ideal gas or in a cyclic process, so it does not change in all processes.
Work and heat are path functions, not state functions.
In an adiabatic process, the heat exchange is zero (\(q = 0\)), but the work done is not necessarily zero since \(\Delta U = w\).
Thus, the only correct statement is that internal energy and entropy are state functions.
Answer: Internal energy and entropy are state functions
Internal energy does not change in an isothermal process for an ideal gas or in a cyclic process, so it does not change in all processes.
Work and heat are path functions, not state functions.
In an adiabatic process, the heat exchange is zero (\(q = 0\)), but the work done is not necessarily zero since \(\Delta U = w\).
Thus, the only correct statement is that internal energy and entropy are state functions.
Answer: Internal energy and entropy are state functions
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