KCET · Chemistry · Amines
Basic strength of alkylamines in aqueous phase is not decided by ________.
- A Inductive effect
- B Solvation effect
- C Steric hindrance
- D Hyperconjugation effect
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(D) Hyperconjugation effect
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
The basic strength of alkylamines in an aqueous solution is determined by the interplay of three main factors:
1. Inductive effect: The +I effect of alkyl groups increases the electron density on the nitrogen atom, making it more basic.
2. Solvation effect: The conjugate acid formed after accepting a proton is stabilized by hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Greater solvation leads to higher basicity.
3. Steric hindrance: Bulky alkyl groups can hinder the approach of a proton and also decrease the extent of solvation of the conjugate acid.
Hyperconjugation involves the delocalization of electrons from a filled \(\sigma\) orbital to an adjacent empty or partially filled p-orbital or \(\pi\) system. It does not play a role in determining the basic strength of alkylamines.
Answer: Hyperconjugation effect
1. Inductive effect: The +I effect of alkyl groups increases the electron density on the nitrogen atom, making it more basic.
2. Solvation effect: The conjugate acid formed after accepting a proton is stabilized by hydrogen bonding with water molecules. Greater solvation leads to higher basicity.
3. Steric hindrance: Bulky alkyl groups can hinder the approach of a proton and also decrease the extent of solvation of the conjugate acid.
Hyperconjugation involves the delocalization of electrons from a filled \(\sigma\) orbital to an adjacent empty or partially filled p-orbital or \(\pi\) system. It does not play a role in determining the basic strength of alkylamines.
Answer: Hyperconjugation effect
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