JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 6. Binomial Theorem
Let \(m\) be the smallest positive integer such that the coefficient of \(x^2\) in the expansion of \((1+x)^2 +(1+x)^3+\ldots+(1+x)^{49}\) \(+~(1+m x)^{50}\) is \((3 n+1){ }^{51} C_3\) for some positive integer n . Then the value of \(n\) is
- A 5
- B 10
- C 15
- D 20
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(A) 5
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Coefficient of \(x^2\) in the expansion of
\((1+x)^2+(1+x)^3+\ldots(1+x)^{49}+(1~+\) \(m x)^{50}\) is
\( { }^2 C_2+{ }^3 C_2+\ldots{ }^{49} C_2+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n+1)^{51} C_3 \)
\( \Rightarrow{ }^3 C_3+{ }^3 C_2+\ldots{ }^{49} C_2+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n\) \(+~1)^{51} C_3 \quad\) \(\left({\text{Use} }^n C_r+{ }^n C_{r+1}={ }^{n+1} C_{r+1}\right) \)
\( \Rightarrow{ }^{50} C_3+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n+1){ }^{51} C_3 \)
\( \frac{50.49 .48}{6}+\frac{50.49}{2} m^2=(3 n+1) \frac{51.50 .49}{6} \)
\( m^2=51 n+1\) must be a perfect square
By trial \(\Rightarrow n=5\) and \(m=16 \quad( M , n \in N )\)
\(\Rightarrow n=5\)
\((1+x)^2+(1+x)^3+\ldots(1+x)^{49}+(1~+\) \(m x)^{50}\) is
\( { }^2 C_2+{ }^3 C_2+\ldots{ }^{49} C_2+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n+1)^{51} C_3 \)
\( \Rightarrow{ }^3 C_3+{ }^3 C_2+\ldots{ }^{49} C_2+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n\) \(+~1)^{51} C_3 \quad\) \(\left({\text{Use} }^n C_r+{ }^n C_{r+1}={ }^{n+1} C_{r+1}\right) \)
\( \Rightarrow{ }^{50} C_3+{ }^{50} C_2 m^2=(3 n+1){ }^{51} C_3 \)
\( \frac{50.49 .48}{6}+\frac{50.49}{2} m^2=(3 n+1) \frac{51.50 .49}{6} \)
\( m^2=51 n+1\) must be a perfect square
By trial \(\Rightarrow n=5\) and \(m=16 \quad( M , n \in N )\)
\(\Rightarrow n=5\)
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