JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 21. ITF
If \(0 < x < 1\), then \(\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)+\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\right\}^2-1\right]^{\frac{1}{2}}\) is equal to
- A
\(\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}\)
- B
\(x\)
- C
\(x \sqrt{1+x^2}\)
- D
\(\sqrt{1+x^2}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(C)
\(x \sqrt{1+x^2}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
We have, \(0 < x < 1\)
Let \(\quad \cot ^{-1} x=\theta\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad \cot \theta=x\)
\(\therefore \quad \sin \theta=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\)
and \(\quad \cos \theta=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\)
Now, \(\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)+\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2}\)
\[
\text { Now, } \begin{aligned}
& \sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)+\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left(\frac{1+x^2}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}\right)^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[1+x^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=x \sqrt{1+x^2}
\end{aligned}
\]
Let \(\quad \cot ^{-1} x=\theta\)
\(\Rightarrow \quad \cot \theta=x\)
\(\therefore \quad \sin \theta=\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\)
and \(\quad \cos \theta=\frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}=\cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\)
Now, \(\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)+\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2}\)

\[
\text { Now, } \begin{aligned}
& \sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \cos \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)+\sin \left(\cot ^{-1} x\right)\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left\{x \frac{x}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}+\frac{1}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}\right\}^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[\left(\frac{1+x^2}{\sqrt{1+x^2}}\right)^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=\sqrt{1+x^2}\left[1+x^2-1\right]^{1 / 2} \\
&=x \sqrt{1+x^2}
\end{aligned}
\]
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