AP EAMCET · Chemistry · Hydrocarbons
What are \(X\) and \(Y\) in the following reactions?
- A \(\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \\ \hline \text {Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3 & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right) \\ \hline \end{array}\)
- B \(\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \\ \hline \text {Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3+\text { Conc. } \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 / 333 \mathrm{~K} & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right) \\ \hline \end{array}\)
- C \(\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \\ \hline \mathrm{NaNO}_2 / \mathrm{HCl} & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 \\ \hline \end{array}\)
- D \(\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \\ \hline \text {Dil. } \mathrm{HNO}_3 & \mathrm{SO}_3 \\ \hline \end{array}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B) \(\begin{array}{cc} \hline \boldsymbol{X} & \boldsymbol{Y} \\ \hline \text {Conc. } \mathrm{HNO}_3+\text { Conc. } \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 / 333 \mathrm{~K} & \mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4\left(\mathrm{SO}_3\right) \\ \hline \end{array}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Benzene reacts with conc. \(\mathrm{HNO}_3+\) conc. \(\mathrm{H}_2 \mathrm{SO}_4 /\) \(333 \mathrm{~K}(X)\) to give nitrobenzene. This reaction is known as nitration. Whereas when, it reacts with sulphuric acid it give benzene sulphonic acid and the reaction is known as…
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