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KCET · Physics · Electrostatics

An electric dipole of dipole moment \(\vec{P}\) is placed in the uniform electric field \(\vec{E}\). Then which of the following statements are correct?
Statement-I: The torque on the dipole is \(\vec{P} \times \vec{E}\)
Statement-II: The potential energy of the dipole is \(-\vec{P} \cdot \vec{E}\)
Statement-III: The net force on the dipole is non-zero.

  1. A I, II and III
  2. B I and II only
  3. C II and III only
  4. D I and III only
Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(B) I and II only

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Statement-I: The torque acting on an electric dipole placed in a uniform electric field is given by \(\vec{\tau} = \vec{P} \times \vec{E}\). This statement is correct.

Statement-II: The potential energy of an electric dipole in a uniform electric field is given by \(U = -\vec{P} \cdot \vec{E}\). This statement is correct.

Statement-III: In a uniform electric field, the force on the positive charge is \(q\vec{E}\) and on the negative charge is \(-q\vec{E}\). The net force on the dipole is \(\vec{F}_{net} = q\vec{E} - q\vec{E} = 0\). Thus, the net force is zero. This statement is incorrect.

Therefore, only statements I and II are correct.

Answer: I and II only
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