KCET · Maths · Complex Number
The least positive integer \(\mathrm{n}\), for which \(\frac{(1+i)^{n}}{(1-i)^{n-2}}\) is positive, is
- A 3
- B 4
- C 1
- D 2
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(C) 1
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(\begin{aligned} \frac{(1+i)^{\mathrm{n}}}{(1-\mathrm{i})^{\mathrm{n}-2}} &=\left(\frac{1+\mathrm{i}}{1-\mathrm{i}}\right)^{\mathrm{n}}(1-\mathrm{i})^{2} \\ &=\left(1+\mathrm{i}^{2}-2 \mathrm{i}\right)\left(\frac{1+\mathrm{i}}{1-\mathrm{i}}\right)^{\mathrm{n}} \\ &=(1-1-2 \mathrm{i})\left(\frac{1+\mathrm{i}}{1-\mathrm{i}}\right)^{\mathrm{n}} \\ &=(-2 \mathrm{i})\left(\frac{1+\mathrm{i}}{1-\mathrm{i}}\right)^{\mathrm{n}} \end{aligned}\)
\[
\begin{aligned}
&=(-2 i)\left\{\frac{(1+i)(1+i)}{(1-i)(1+i)}\right\}^{n} \\
&=(-2 i)\left\{\frac{2 i}{2}\right\}^{n}\quad\left(\because \mathrm{i}^{2}=-1\right) \\
&=(-2 i)(i)^{\mathrm{n}} \\
&=(-2) i^{n+1}
\end{aligned}
\]
Put \(\mathrm{n}=1\), we get
\[
\begin{aligned}
&=(-2) i^{2}=(-2)(-1) \\
&=2 \Rightarrow \text { positive integer. }
\end{aligned}
\]
Hence, the least positive integer value of \(n=1\) for which the given expression have positive value.
\[
\begin{aligned}
&=(-2 i)\left\{\frac{(1+i)(1+i)}{(1-i)(1+i)}\right\}^{n} \\
&=(-2 i)\left\{\frac{2 i}{2}\right\}^{n}\quad\left(\because \mathrm{i}^{2}=-1\right) \\
&=(-2 i)(i)^{\mathrm{n}} \\
&=(-2) i^{n+1}
\end{aligned}
\]
Put \(\mathrm{n}=1\), we get
\[
\begin{aligned}
&=(-2) i^{2}=(-2)(-1) \\
&=2 \Rightarrow \text { positive integer. }
\end{aligned}
\]
Hence, the least positive integer value of \(n=1\) for which the given expression have positive value.
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