JEE Advanced · Physics · 28. Nuclear Physics

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The mass of a nucleus ${ }_{Z}^{A} X$ is less than the sum of the masses of $(A-Z)$ number of neutrons and $Z$ number of protons in the nucleus. The energy equivalent to the corresponding mass difference is known as the binding energy of the nucleus. A heavy nucleus of mass $M$ can break into two light nuclei of masses $m_{1}$ and $m_{2}$ only if $\left(m_{1}+m_{2}\right) \lt M$. Also two light nuclei of masses $m_{3}$ and $m_{4}$ can undergo complete fusion and form a heavy nucleus of mass $M^{\prime}$ only if $\left(m_{3}+m_{4}\right) \gt M^{\prime}$. The masses of some neutral atoms are given in the table below:

$\left(1 u=932 M e V / c^{2}\right)$

Question:
The kinetic energy (in $k e V$ ) of the alpha particle, when the nucleus ${ }_{84}^{210} P o$ at rest undergoes alpha decay, is

A $5320$
B $5422$
C $5707$
D $5818$

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(A) $5320$

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

84^{{Po}^{210}} + 2^{{He}^{4}} \to 82^{{Pb}^{206}}

Δ m = [M_{PO} - M_{He} - M_{Pb}] = 0.008421 u

Q = 0.008421 \times 932 MeV = 5422 KeV

K_{α} = \frac{210}{214} \times 5422 KeV = 5320 KeV

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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From JEE Advanced

List I describes four systems, each with two particles

A

and

B

in relative motion as shown in figure. List II gives possible magnitudes of their relative velocities (in

m s^{- 1}

) at time

t = \frac{π}{3} s

	List-I		List-II
(I)	$A$ and $B$ are moving on a horizontal circle of radius $1 m$ with uniform angular speed $ω = 1 rad s^{- 1}$ . The initial angular positions of $A$ and $B$ at time $t = 0$ are $θ = 0$ and $θ = \frac{π}{2}$ respectively.	(P)	$\frac{\sqrt{3} + 1}{2}$
(II)	Projectiles $A$ and $B$ are fired (in the same vertical plane) at $t = 0$ and $t = 0.1 s$ respectively, with the same speed $v = \frac{5 π}{\sqrt{2}} m s^{- 1}$ and at $45 °$ from the horizontal plane. The initial separation between $A$ and $B$ is large enough so that they do not collide, $(g = 10 m s^{- 2})$ .	(Q)	$\frac{(\sqrt{3} - 1)}{\sqrt{2}}$
(III)	Two harmonic oscillators $A$ and $B$ moving in the $x$ direction according to $x_{A} = x_{0} \sin \frac{t}{t_{0}}$ and $x_{B} = x_{0} \sin (\frac{t}{t_{0}} + \frac{π}{2})$ respectively, starting from $t = 0$ . Take $x_{0} = 1 m, t_{0} = 1 s$ .	(R)	$\sqrt{10}$
(IV)	Particle $A$ is rotating in a horizontal circular path of radius $1 m$ on the $x y$ plane, with constant angular speed $ω = 1 rad s^{- 1}$ . Particle $B$ is moving up at a constant speed $3 m s^{- 1}$ in the vertical direction as shown in the figure. (Ignore gravity.)	(S)	$\sqrt{2}$
		(T)	$\sqrt{25 π^{2} + 1}$

Which one of the following options is correct?

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