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JEE Advanced · Mathematics · 19. Determinants

Which of the following is (are) NOT the square of a 3×3 matrix with real entries?

  1. A 1000-1000-1
  2. B 10001000-1
  3. C 100010001
  4. D -1000-1000-1
Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) -1000-1000-1

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Let \(A=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -1\end{array}\right]\).Then, \(|A|=-1\)
If \(\mathrm{A}\) is a prefect square of matrix \(A_1\). Then, \(A_1^2=A\)
\(\Rightarrow\left|A_1\right|^2=|A| \Rightarrow\left|A_1\right|^2=-1 \Rightarrow A_1\) cannot be a real matrix
So, option correct.
Let \(R=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}-1 & 0 & 0 \\ 0 & -1 & 0 \\ 0 & 0 & -1\end{array}\right]\) be the sqare of a \(3 \times 3\) matrix \(B_1\), Then,
\(B=B_1^2 \Rightarrow\left|B_1\right|^2=|B| \Rightarrow\left|B_1\right|^2=\left|\begin{array}{ccc}
-1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & -1 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & -1
\end{array}\right|=-1\)
So, B cannot be the perfect square of a real matrix.
In option, the given matrix is the identity matrix \(I_3\) such that \(I_3=I_3^2\)
\(\begin{aligned}
&\text { Conisder the matrix }\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & -1 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & -1
\end{array}\right] \text { given in option. Clearly, } \\
&{\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & -1 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & -1
\end{array}\right]=\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 1 \\
0 & -1 & 0
\end{array}\right]\left[\begin{array}{ccc}
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 1 \\
0 & -1 & 0
\end{array}\right]}
\end{aligned}\)
Thus, the matrix given in option is the perfect square of a real matrix.
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