આદર્શ દ્રાવણ માટે નીચેનામાંથી કયું ખોટું છે ?

A \(\Delta H_{mix} = 0\)
B \(\Delta U_{mix} = 0\)
C \(\Delta P = P_{obs} -P_{calculated \,by \,Raoult's\, law} = 0\)
D \(\Delta G_{mix} = 0\)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) \(\Delta G_{mix} = 0\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

The concept of an ideal solution is fundamental to chemical thermodynamics and its applications, such as the use of colligative properties. An ideal solution or ideal mixture is a solution in which the enthalpy of solution \(\left(\Delta H _{\text {solution }}= O \right)\) is zero. As the enthalpy of the solution nears zero, the solution becomes more ideal. Since the enthalpy of mixing (solution) is zero, the change in Gibbs energy on mixing is determined solely by the entropy of mixing ( \(\Delta S _{\text {solution }}\) ).

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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