\(298\, K\) પર, તેઓના વિધુતધુવ પોટેન્શિયલ મુજબ \(EMF\) શ્રેણીમાં (પ્રમાણિત રિડક્શન પોટેન્શિયલ) સૌથી ઉપર આવતી ધાતુ નીચેનામાંથી ઓળખો ?

A \(K ^{+}+1 e ^{-} \rightarrow K _{( s )}\)
B \(Mg ^{2+}+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow Mg _{( s )}\)
C \(Fe ^{2+}+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow Fe _{( s )}\)
D \(Au ^{3+}+3 e ^{-} \rightarrow Au _{( s )}\)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) \(Au ^{3+}+3 e ^{-} \rightarrow Au _{( s )}\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

\(\begin{array}{ll}A u^{3+}+3 e^{-} \rightarrow A u(s) & E^{0}=1.40 \vee \\ F e^{2+}+2 e^{-} \rightarrow F e(s) & E^{0}=-0.44 v \\ M g^{2+}+2 e^{-} \rightarrow M g(s) & E^{0}=-2.36 v \\ K^{+}+1 e^{-} \rightarrow K(s) & E^{0}=-2.93 V\end{array}\) As per electrochemical series, \(Au ^{3+}\) occupies. the top position.

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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