NEET · Chemistry · STD 11 - 3. Classification of elements and periodicity in properties
Identify the incorrect statement from the following :
- A The largest and the smallest species among \(Mg , Mg ^{2+}, Al\) and \(Al ^{3+}\) are Al and \(Mg ^{2+}\), respectively.
- B The IUPAC name of the element with atomic number 107 is Unnilseptium.
- C The similarity in behaviour of Li with Mg is referred to as 'diagonal relationship'.
- D The oxidation state and covalency of Al in \(\left[ AlCl \left( H _2 O \right)_5\right]^{2+}\) are 3 and 6 respectively.
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(A) The largest and the smallest species among \(Mg , Mg ^{2+}, Al\) and \(Al ^{3+}\) are Al and \(Mg ^{2+}\), respectively.
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
(A) Atomic radius decreases across a period from left to right, so the atomic radius of Mg is greater than that of Al .
For isoelectronic species, the ionic radius decreases with an increase in nuclear charge. Both \(Mg ^{2+}\) and \(Al ^{3+}\) have 10 electrons, but \(Al ^{3+}\) has a higher nuclear charge \((Z=13)\) compared to \(Mg ^{2+}(Z=12)\), making \(Al ^{3+}\) smaller than \(Mg ^{2+}\).
Cations are always smaller than their respective parent atoms. Therefore, the overall decreasing order of size is \(Mg > Al > Mg ^{2+}> Al ^{3+}\). The largest species is Mg and the smallest is \(Al ^{3+}\). Thus, statement (1) is incorrect.
For atomic number 107, the IUPAC roots are un (1), nil (0), and sept (7), giving the name Unnilseptium. Statement (2) is correct.
Lithium and Magnesium exhibit similar properties due to their comparable polarizing power (charge-to-size ratio), which is known as a diagonal relationship. Statement (3) is correct.
In the complex \(\left[ AlCl \left( H _2 O \right)_5\right]^{2+}\), let the oxidation state of Al be \(x\). We have \(x+(-1)+5(0)=+2 \Rightarrow x=+3\). The central metal atom is surrounded by 6 ligands ( 1 chloride and 5 water molecules), so its covalency is 6 . Statement ( 4 ) is correct.
For isoelectronic species, the ionic radius decreases with an increase in nuclear charge. Both \(Mg ^{2+}\) and \(Al ^{3+}\) have 10 electrons, but \(Al ^{3+}\) has a higher nuclear charge \((Z=13)\) compared to \(Mg ^{2+}(Z=12)\), making \(Al ^{3+}\) smaller than \(Mg ^{2+}\).
Cations are always smaller than their respective parent atoms. Therefore, the overall decreasing order of size is \(Mg > Al > Mg ^{2+}> Al ^{3+}\). The largest species is Mg and the smallest is \(Al ^{3+}\). Thus, statement (1) is incorrect.
For atomic number 107, the IUPAC roots are un (1), nil (0), and sept (7), giving the name Unnilseptium. Statement (2) is correct.
Lithium and Magnesium exhibit similar properties due to their comparable polarizing power (charge-to-size ratio), which is known as a diagonal relationship. Statement (3) is correct.
In the complex \(\left[ AlCl \left( H _2 O \right)_5\right]^{2+}\), let the oxidation state of Al be \(x\). We have \(x+(-1)+5(0)=+2 \Rightarrow x=+3\). The central metal atom is surrounded by 6 ligands ( 1 chloride and 5 water molecules), so its covalency is 6 . Statement ( 4 ) is correct.
See the Complete Solution
Get step-by-step explanations for this and 2.5 Lakh+ more JEE, NEET & CET questions.
- Unlock all solutions
- Practice the full chapter
- Track accuracy across PYQs
4.8 rated on Google Play · 14,000+ reviews
More questions from Chemistry
- In a protein molecule various amino acids are linked together byNEET 2016 Medium
- Given below are half cell reactions: \(MnO _{4}^{-}+8 H ^{+}+5 e ^{-} \rightarrow Mn ^{2+}+4 H _{2} O\), \(E^{o} _{ Mn ^{2+} / MnO _{4}^{-}}=-1.510 \,V\) \(\frac{1}{2} O _{2}+2 H ^{+}+2 e ^{-} \rightarrow H _{2} O\), \(E _{ O _{2} / H _{2} O }^{o}=+1.223 \,V\) Will the permanganate ion, \(MnO _{4}^{-}\)liberate \(O _{2}\) from water in the presence of an acid ?NEET 2022 Medium
- Iron carbonyl, \(Fe(CO)_5\) isNEET 2018 Medium
- The pair of compounds that can exist together isNEET 2014 Hard
- Identify the reaction from following having top position in \(EMF\) series (Std. red. potential) according to their electrode potential at \(298 \;K\).NEET 2020 Medium
- Jahn-Teller effect is not observed in high spin complexes ofNEET 2016 Medium
More PYQs from NEET
- Tubectomy is a method of sterilization in whichNEET 2014 Medium
- Given below are two statements:
Statement I : Like nitrogen that can form ammonia, arsenic can form arsine.
Statement II : Antimony cannot form antimony pentoxide.
In the light of the above statements, choose the most appropriate answer from the options given below:NEET 2025 Hard - If \(8 \;g\) of a non-electrolyte solute is dissolved in \(114 \;g\) of n-octane to reduce its vapour pressure to \(80 \%,\) the molar mass (in \(g mol ^{-1}\) ) of the solute is Given that molar mass of n-octane is \(114 \;g\; mol ^{-1}\)NEET 2020 Medium
- Among the given compound I-III, the correct order of bond dissociation energy of \(\text{C} - \text{H}\) bond marked with * is :-
NEET 2025 Easy - The anion of acetylacetone \((acac)\) forms \(Co\, (acac)_3\) chelate with \(Co^{3+}.\) The rings of the chelate areNEET 2013 Medium
- In the reaction the electrophile involved is
NEET 2018 Hard