The process by which organisms with different evolutionary history evolve similar phenotypic adaptations in response to a common environmental challenge, is called

(d) : Convergent evolution is the development of superficially similar structures in unrelated organisms, usually because the organisms live in the same kind of environment. Examples are the wings of insects and birds and the streamlined bodies of whales and fish. One can say that it is the similar habitat that has resulted in selection of similar adaptive features in different groups of organisms but toward the same function. An example of convergent evolution is the similar nature of the flight/wings of insects, birds, pteridosaurs, and bats. All four serve the same function and are similar instructure, but each evolved independently. Some species of the lens of eyes also evolved independently in various animals.