NEET · Biology · STD 12 - 4. principal of inheritance and variation

Match List \(I\) with List \(II\) : Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

List \(I\) List \(II\)

\(A.\) Down's syndrome \(I.\) \(11^{th}\) chromosome

\(B.\) \(\alpha -\)Thalassemia \(II.\) \(X\) chromosome

\(C.\) \(\beta -\)Thalassemia \(III.\) \(21^{st}\) chromosome

\(D.\) Klinefelter's syndrome \(IV.\) \(16^{th}\) chromosome

A \( A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I\)
B \( A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II\)
C \( A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III\)
D \(A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV\)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(B) \( A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Down's syndrome is due to presence of an additional copy of chromosome number \(21\). Klinefelter's syndrome is caused due to presence of an additional copy of \(X-\)chromosome. \(\alpha\)-Thalassemia is controlled by two closely linked genes on chromosome \(16\) of each parent. \(\beta\)-Thalassemia is controlled by a single gene HBB on chromosome \(11\) of each parent.

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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List \(I\)	List \(II\)
\(A.\) Down's syndrome	\(I.\) \(11^{th}\) chromosome
\(B.\) \(\alpha -\)Thalassemia	\(II.\) \(X\) chromosome
\(C.\) \(\beta -\)Thalassemia	\(III.\) \(21^{st}\) chromosome
\(D.\) Klinefelter's syndrome	\(IV.\) \(16^{th}\) chromosome