MHT CET · Physics · Thermodynamics

Which of the following statements is true? ( \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=\) increase in internal energy, \(\mathrm{dW}=\) work done by the system)

A In an adiabatic process \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=\mathrm{dW}\)
B In an adiabatic process \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=-\mathrm{dW}\)
C In an isothermal process \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=-\mathrm{dW}\)
D In an isothermal process \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=\mathrm{dW}\)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(B) In an adiabatic process \(\Delta \mathrm{U}=-\mathrm{dW}\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

We have \(\Delta \mathrm{Q}=\Delta \mathrm{U}+\Delta \mathrm{W}\)
In a adiabatic process, \(\Delta \mathrm{Q}=0\) \(\therefore \Delta \mathrm{U}=-\Delta \mathrm{W}\)

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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