MHT CET · Physics · Gravitation
The escape velocity from earth surface is \(11 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\). The escape velocity from a planet having twice the radius and same mean density as earth is
- A \(22 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\)
- B \(11 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\)
- C \(5.5 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\)
- D \(15.5 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(A) \(22 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
Escape velocity is given by,
\(\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}} & =\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{GM}}{\mathrm{R}}} \\
& =\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{G}}{\mathrm{R}} \times \frac{4}{3} \pi \mathrm{R}^3 \rho}=\sqrt{\frac{8 \mathrm{G}}{3} \pi \mathrm{R}^2 \rho}=\sqrt{\frac{8 \mathrm{G} \pi \rho}{3}} \times \mathrm{R}
\end{aligned}\)
As the planets have the same density,
\(\begin{aligned}
& v_{\mathrm{e}} \propto \mathrm{R} \\
& \frac{\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}}=\frac{\mathrm{R}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{R}}=\frac{2 \mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{R}}=2 \\
\therefore \quad & \mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}=2 \mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}=2 \times 11=22 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}
\end{aligned}\)
\(\begin{aligned}
\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}} & =\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{GM}}{\mathrm{R}}} \\
& =\sqrt{\frac{2 \mathrm{G}}{\mathrm{R}} \times \frac{4}{3} \pi \mathrm{R}^3 \rho}=\sqrt{\frac{8 \mathrm{G}}{3} \pi \mathrm{R}^2 \rho}=\sqrt{\frac{8 \mathrm{G} \pi \rho}{3}} \times \mathrm{R}
\end{aligned}\)
As the planets have the same density,
\(\begin{aligned}
& v_{\mathrm{e}} \propto \mathrm{R} \\
& \frac{\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}}=\frac{\mathrm{R}^{\prime}}{\mathrm{R}}=\frac{2 \mathrm{R}}{\mathrm{R}}=2 \\
\therefore \quad & \mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}^{\prime}=2 \mathrm{v}_{\mathrm{e}}=2 \times 11=22 \mathrm{~km} / \mathrm{s}
\end{aligned}\)
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