MHT CET · Physics · Capacitance

The earth is assumed to be charged conducting sphere having volume \(V\) and surface area \(A\). The capacitance of the earth in free space is

A \(\frac{2 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)
B \(\frac{12 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)
C \(\frac{8 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)
D \(\frac{4 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)

Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(B) \(\frac{12 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

If we assume shape of earth be solid sphere of radius \(R\).
The ratio of earth volume to surface area: \(\frac{V}{A}=\frac{\left(\frac{4}{3} \pi R^3\right)}{4 \pi R^2}=\frac{R}{3}\) or, \(R=\frac{3 V}{A}\)
The capacitance of earth is,
\(C_E=4 \pi \epsilon_0 R=4 \pi \epsilon_0\left(\frac{3 V}{A}\right)=\frac{12 \pi \epsilon_0 V}{A}\)

Apply the relevant identity from the chapter and substitute the values established in the previous step, keeping the original constraint in view.

Use the simplified expression to isolate the unknown, then plug the result back into the question setup to confirm the working is internally consistent.

Cross-check against a boundary or limiting case. Both the dimensional balance and the qualitative behaviour at the extreme should agree with the candidate answer.

Combine the steps above to identify the correct option. The remaining choices each fail at least one of the consistency, dimensional, or boundary checks.

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