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CUET · PHYSICS · PYQ PAPER 2023

Why does a microwave oven heat up a food item containing water molecules efficiently?

  1. A Microwaves are heat waves so they always produce heat
  2. B Infra red waves produce heating in the microwave oven
  3. C The electric energy heats up the vessel which transfers energy in the oven to water molecules
  4. D The frequency of the microwaves selected is to match the frequency of water molecules
Verified Solution

Answer & Solution

Correct Answer

(D) The frequency of the microwaves selected is to match the frequency of water molecules

Step-by-step Solution

Detailed explanation

Microwaves have a frequency that matches the natural rotational frequency of polar water molecules, causing them to vibrate vigorously through resonance. This rapid motion increases the kinetic energy of the molecules, which is then converted into thermal energy to heat the…