CUET · MATHS · PYQ PAPER 2023
The general solution of the differential equation \(x d y+e^{-y} d x=x e^{x-y} d x\) is (given C is constant of integration)
- A \(e^x+\log x-2 x y=C\)
- B \(x^2+e^{-y}+x e^x=C\)
- C \(x e^y-y e^x+\log \left(\frac{x}{y}\right)=C\)
- D \(e^y-e^x+\log x=C\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(D) \(e^y-e^x+\log x=C\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(x dy = x e^{x-y} dx - e^{-y} dx\) \(x dy = e^{-y}(x e^x - 1) dx\) \(e^y dy = \left(e^x - \frac{1}{x}\right) dx\) \(\int e^y dy = \int \left(e^x - \frac{1}{x}\right) dx\) \(e^y = e^x - \log x + C\) \(e^y - e^x + \log x = C\)
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An overwhelming majority (99 per cent) of animals and nearly all plants cannot maintain a constant internal environment. Their body temperature changes with the ambient temperature. In aquatic animals, the osmotic concentration of the body fluids change with that of the ambient air and water osmotic concentration. These animals and plants are simply conformers. Considering the benefits of a constant internal environment to the organism, we must ask why these conformers had not evolved to become regulators. Recall the human analogy we used above; much as they like, how many people can really afford an air conditioner? Many simply 'sweat it out' and resign themselves to suboptimal performance in hot summer months. Very small animals are rarely found in polar regions. During the course of evolution, the costs and benefits of maintainin a constant internal environment are taken into consideration. Some species have evolved the ability to regulate, but only over a limited range of environmental conditions, beyond which they simply conform.
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