Which of the following processes is responsible for the formation of a Delta when river water meets the sea water?

Arrange the following compounds in the increasing order of their boiling points:
A. \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{COOH}\)
B. \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{OH}\)
C. \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OCH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
D. \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
E. \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{CH}_2\text{CHO}\)
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Aldehydes and ketones represent two essential classes of organic compounds
which are extensively used in the synthesis of a wide variety of other organic molecules.
Due to the inherent polarity of the central carbonyl group, these substances readily undergo nucleophilic addition reactions.
Broadly speaking, these addition reactions can be categorized into two types:
one in which simple addition of the nucleophilic reagent occurs across the \(> C = O\) bond, and the second type where the initial addition is subsequently followed by the elimination of a water molecule.
A variety of ammonia derivatives, including hydroxylamine, hydrazine, phenylhydrazine,
2, 4-dinitroplhenylhdrazine, and semicarbagide, all belong to this second category of reactions.
These specific derivatives are fundamentally used for the identification and definitive characterization of aldehydes and ketones. Significantly, both types of nucleophilic addition reactions are strongly influenced by both steric and electronic factors.
As a general rule, aliphatic aldehydes exhibit higher reactivity compared to aromatic aldehydes.
The aliphatic aldehydes demonstrate the ability to reduce both Fehling's solution and Tollen's reagent, whereas aromatic aldehydes are limited to reducing only Tollen's reagent.
In a similar manner to aldehydes, aromatic ketones are observed to be less reactive than aliphatic ketones towards all nucleophilic addition reactions.
In a separate context, phenols and carboxylic acids both exhibit acidic properties in nature.
Both classes of compounds readily dissolve in NaOH solution and cause blue litmus to turn red.
However, carboxylic acids stand out as much stronger acids than phenols and thus can decompose sodium bicarbonate \(\left( NaHCO _3\right)\) with the distinct evolution of \(CO _2\) gas, a reaction which phenols do not undergo.
It is important to note that both electron- donating and electron- withdrawing substituents significantly influence the acid strength of both aliphatic as well as aromatic carboxylic acids.
Furthermore, unlike all other common aliphatic acids, formic acid uniquely possesses reducing properties and simultaneously does not display the typical reactions characteristic of the alkyl group.
Fehling Solution A and B respectively, are :

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Name of the Reaction)	List-II (Compound synthesized)
(A) Kolbe's Reaction	(I) Salicylaldehyde
(B) Reimer-Tiemann Reaction	(II) Salicylic acid
(C) Etard Reaction	(III) Chlorobenzene
(D) Sandmeyer Reaction	(IV) Benzaldehyde

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Transition metals form a large number of complexes or coordination compounds in which the metal atoms are bound to a number of anions or neutral molecules. The valence bond theory explain the formation, magnetic behaviour and geometrical shapes while the crystal field theory explains the effect of different crystal fields on the degeneracy of d-orbitals energies of the central metal atom/ion. This provides for the quantitative estimation of orbital separation energies, magnetic moments and spectral and stability parameters.
Amongst the following ions which should have the highest magnetic moment value?

Which of the following is not a Chelating ligand?

According to the electrochemical series, which of the following statements is incorrect?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Immune System in the Body
The human immune system consists of lymphoid organs, tissues, cells and soluble molecules like antibodies. The primary lymphoid organs are bone marrow and thymus where immature lymphocytes differentiate into antigen-sensitive lymphocytes. After maturation the lymphocytes migrate to secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, Peyer's patches of small intestine and appendix. The secondary lymphoid organs provide the sites for interaction of lymphocytes with the antigen, which then proliferate to become effector cells. The bone marrow is the main lymphoid organ where all blood cells including lymphocytes are produced. Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains, two small called light chains and two longer called heavy chains. Hence, an antibody is represented as H2L2. Different types of antibodies are produced in our body. IgA, IgM, IgE, IgG are some of them. Techniques like radiography (use of X-rays), CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful to detect cancers of the internal organs.
Human immune system recognizes the viral proteins as:

The distance of a point \((1, -1, 0)\) from the plane \(\vec{r} \cdot (3\hat{i} - 2\hat{j} - 6\hat{k}) = 4\) is:

The sensitivity of a potentiometer can be increased by:

The effective rate per annum equivalent to a nominal rate of \(8 \%\) compounded semi-annually is

Match List I with List II

List-l	List-II
A. \(K _2 SO _4( aq )\) with \(60 \%\) dissociation	I. \(i = 3 . 7\)
B. \(K _3\left[ Fe ( CN )_6\right]( aq )\) with \(90 \%\) dissociation	II. \(i=1.8\)
C. \(AlCl _3( aq )\) with \(80 \%\) dissociation	III. \(i=2.2\)
D. \(K _2 HgI _4( aq )\) with \(40 \%\) dissociation	IV. \(i=3.4\)

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The coordination compounds are of great importance. These compounds are widely present in the mineral, plants and animal world and are known to play many important functions in the area of analytical chemistry, metallurgy, biological systems, industry and medicine. For example, coordination compounds find use in many qualitative and quantitative chemical analysis. Some important metal extraction and purification make use of complex formation. Hardness of water can be estimated by stable complex formation of Ca\(^{2+}\) and Mg\(^{2+}\)
Impure nickel is converted to which of its complex to be decomposed to yield pure nickel?