Salicylaldehyde is formed as a main product from phenol by :

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Kinetic studies not only help us to determine the rate of a chemical reaction but also describe the conditions by which the reaction rates can be altered.
The factors such as concentration, temperature, pressure and catalyst affect the rate of a reaction.
The speed of a reaction or the rate of a reaction can be defined as the change in concentration of a reactant or product in unit time.
Rate \(=k[A]^x[B]^y\)
Here \(k\) is the rate constant
\(x+y\) gives the overall order of a reaction, whereas \(x\) and \(y\) represent the order with respect to the reactants \(A\) and \(B\), respectively.
If the temperature is raised by \(10^{\circ} C\), then the rate of the reaction increases approximately by

What is the correct formula for "Mohr's salt"?

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As aldehydes ketones possess the carbonyl functional group, they show similar reaction They exhibit nucleophilic addition reactions, reduction, oxidations, reactions due to alpha-Hydrogen atom, and many other reactions, like Cannizzaro reaction to electrophilic substitution reactions (in case of aromatic aldehydes ketones).
These reactions help in the preparation of a number of important compounds, like acetic acid, vinyl acetate, polymers and in perfume and dye industries.
Nucleophilic addition reactions form cyanohydrins, acetals, alcohols and
N-substituted derivatives like imine, oxime, semicarbazone, phenylhydrazone Schiff's base. Reactions due to alpha-hydrogen atoms help in formation of aldols and alpha, beta-unsaturated aldehydes ketones.
Identify the final product of the following reaction :

Which of the following compound is most reactive towards nucleophilic addition reaction?

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The term vitamin was coined from the word vital +amine since the earlier identified compounds had amino groups. Later work showed that most of them didn't contain amino groups. They are very essential for the body. They has to be taken various diet or in the form of medicines also.
Vitamins are classified into two groups depending upon their solubility in water or fat.
Fat soluble vitamins are soluble in fat and oils but insoluble in water. They are stored in liver and adipose (fat storing) tissues Water-soluble vitamins are soluble in water. These must be supplied regularly in diet because they are readily excreated in urine and cannot be stored in our body.
Deficiency of Scurvy disease leads to

Choose the correct statements from the following related to glycine amino acid.
(A). Water soluble \(\alpha\)-amino acid.
(B). It has both amino and carboxylic groups in its structure.
(C). It is optically inactive.
(D). It is a non-essential amino acid.
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The elucidation of the lac operon was the result of close association between the geneticist _________ and the biochemist _________.

From the binding energy per nucleon versus mass number curve :
(A) B.E/nucleon is small for light nuclei like \( {}_{1}^{1}H, {}_{1}^{2}H, {}_{1}^{3}H \)
(B) B.E/nucleon decreases in heavy nuclei making them less stable stab.
(C) When two light nuclei combine to form heavy nucleus, energy is absorbed.
(D) Heavy nucleus splits into lighter nuclei which results in liberation of energy.
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Osmotic pressure measurements are less accurate and difficult to carry out. Therefore, this method is not useful for measuring molecular weights. But it is used to find out molecular weights of polymers eg. plastics, proteins and starch having many monomer units. Knowing the value of osmotic pressure of a given solution, molecular weight of the solute can be calculated using Van't Hoff equation.
A solution which shows deviations from Raoult's law is called:

The electrolyte used in mercury cell is

\(\int_0^2|x-1| d x=\)

How can fringe width increase in Young's double slit experiment?