CUET · CHEMISTRY · PYQ PAPER 2023
Read the passage given below and answer the question.
The transition elements which give the greatest number of oxidation states occur in or near the middle of the series. Manganese, for example, exhibits all the oxidation states from +2 to +7 . The lesser number of oxidation states at extreme ends stems from either too few electrons to lose or share (Sc, Ti) on too many d-electrons (hence fewer orbitals available in which to share electrons with others) for higher valence \(( Cu , Zn )\). Thus early in the series scandium (II) is virtually unknown and titanium (IV) is more stable than Ti (III) or Ti (II). At the other end, the only oxidation state of zinc is \(+ 2\) (no d electrons are involved). The maximum oxidation states of reasonable stability correspond in value to the sum of the s - and d-electrons upto manganese ( \(Ti ^{I V} O _2, V^V O _2^{+}, Cr ^{V I} O _4^{2-}\), \(Mn ^{\text {VII }} O _4\) ) followed by a rather abrupt decrease in stability of higher oxidation states, so that the typical species to follow are \(Fe ^{I I, I I I}, Co ^{I I, I I I}, Ni ^{I I}, Cu ^{I, I I}, Zn ^{I I}\).
The variability of oxidation states, a characteristic of transition elements, arises out of incomplete filling of d-orbitals in such a way that their oxidation states differ from each other by unity, e.g. \(V ^{I I}, V^{I I I}, V^{I V}, V^V\). This is in contrast with the variability of oxidation states of non transition elements where oxidation states normally differ by a unit of two.
An interesting feature in the variability of oxidation states of the d-block elements is noticed among the groups (groups 4 through 10). Although in the p-block, the lower oxidation states are favoured by the heavier members (due to inert pair effect), the opposite is true in the groups of dblock. For example, in group 6, \(Mo ( VI )\) and \(W ( VI )\) are found to be more stable than \(Cr ( VI )\). The \(Cr ( VI )\) in the form of dichromate in acidic medium is a strong oxidising agent, whereas \(MoO _3\) and \(WO _3\) are not.
Low oxidation states are found when a complex compound has ligands capable of \(\pi\)-acceptor character in addition to the \(\sigma\)-bonding. For example, in \(Ni ( CO )_4\) and \(Fe ( CO )_5\), the oxidation state of nickel and iron is zero.
Identify the stable pair of ions :
- A \(Mn^{3+}, Fe^{3+}\)
- B \(Mn^{2+}, Fe^{3+}\)
- C \(Ti^{3+}, Sc^{3+}\)
- D \(Ti^{4+}, Sc^{2+}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B) \(Mn^{2+}, Fe^{3+}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(Mn^{2+}, Fe^{3+}\)
See the Complete Solution
Get step-by-step explanations for this and 2.5 Lakh+ more JEE, NEET & CET questions.
- Unlock all solutions
- Practice the full chapter
- Track accuracy across PYQs
4.8 rated on Google Play · 14,000+ reviews
More questions from CHEMISTRY
- The transition metals generally form complex compounds due to
(A) Variable oxidation states
(B) High ionic charges
(C) Smaller size of metal ion
(D) Metallic conductivity
(E) Availability of d-orbitals
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :CUET 2023 Easy - Arrange the following complexes in increasing order of conductivity of their solution:
(A) \(\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_3 Cl _3\right]\)
(B) \(\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_4 Cl _2\right] Cl\)
(C) \(\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_6\right] Cl _3\)
(D) \(\left[ Co \left( NH _3\right)_5 Cl \right] Cl _2\)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:CUET 2025 Easy - In coordinate compound \([Cr(NH_3)_6][Co(CN)_6]\)
what type of isomerism arises?CUET 2023 Hard - Identify the incorrect statement:CUET 2024 Easy
- Rusting of Iron is catalyzed by:CUET 2025 Medium
- Alkyl halides react with sodium to give alkanes with double number of carbon atoms inCUET 2023 Medium
More PYQs from CUET
- A person has set up a sinking fund in order to have Rs. 10,00,000 after 10 years for his child education. The amount should put bi-annually into account paying 5 % per annum compounded semi-annually is:
[Given \((1.025)^{20}=1.6386\)]CUET 2025 Medium - If the interval in which \(f(x)=\frac{x}{4}+\frac{4}{x}, x \neq 0\) is strictly increasing is \((-\infty, a) \cup(b, \infty)\), thenCUET 2025 Easy
- Identify the statements which hold true for Phenylketonuria.
(A) Phenylketonuria is a sex linked disorder
(B) Phenylpyruvic acid is accumulated and converted to phenylalanine
(C) It is caused by mutation in a pleiotropic gene
(D) The affected individual lacks enzyme phenylalanine hydroxylase
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:CUET 2023 Easy - Benzene ring in phenol is expected to give the characteristic substitution or replacement reactions i.e. halogenation, nitration, sulphonation, alkylation etc. In these reactions, the attacking reagent is electrophile. The phenolic group activates the ortho and para positions in the ring due to conjugation. Disubstitution reactions are quite fast as the electron density in the ring has increased considerably. Phenols do not respond to nucleophilic substitution reactions as it is influenced by phenolic group.
Secondary alcohol among the following is:
(A)
(B) \(H _2 C = CH _2- CH _2 OH\)
(C) \(H _3 C - CH _2- CH _2 OH\)
(D)
(E)
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:CUET 2023 Medium - Dispersed phase and dispersion medium in clouds are ___________ respectively.CUET 2023 Easy
- The dehydration of alcohol follows the order :CUET 2023 Medium