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Ethers with the general formula \(C _n H _{2 n+2} O\) and functional group C-O-C may be divided as symmetrical and unsymmetrical.
Lower symmetrical ether may be obtained by the dehydration of alcohols at low temperatures in the presence of protic acids,
such as \(H _2 SO _4\) and \(H _3 PO _4\) whereas at high temperature intramolecular dehydration takes place.
Formation of ether from primary alcohols is also accompanied by the formation of small amount of alkenes.
Due to the steric hinderance, secondary and tertiary alcohols undergo elimination reaction rather than substitution reaction yielding alkene as major product. Ethers can also be obtained by heating alkyl halides with sodium or potassium alkoxides.
Substituted Ethers (secondary & tertiary) can also be prepared using this method.
If primary halides are replaced with secondary and tertiary halides, alkenes are the major products.
The major product in the following reaction is \(ROH + HOR \xrightarrow{ H _2 SO _4, 140^{\circ} C }\)

Transition metals form a large number of complexes or coordination compounds in which the metal atoms are bound to a number of anions or neutral molecules. The valence bond theory explain the formation, magnetic behaviour and geometrical shapes while the crystal field theory explains the effect of different crystal fields on the degeneracy of d-orbitals energies of the central metal atom/ion. This provides for the quantitative estimation of orbital separation energies, magnetic moments and spectral and stability parameters.
Two complexes of nickel have same geometry but different magnetic behaviour are:
(A) \(\text{[Ni(CN)}_4]^{2-}\)
(B) \(\text{[Ni(CO)}_4]\)
(C) \(\text{[NiCl}_4]^{2-}\)
(D) \(\text{[Ni(NH}_3)_6]^{2+}\)
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Match List-l with List-II

List-I(Compound)	List-II(Application)
(A) Methanol	(I) Used in wine making
(B) Ethanol	(II) Wood Spirit
(C) Diethyl ether	(III) Carbolic acid
(D) Phenol	(IV) Anaesthetic

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Which of the following reactions is the most suitable for the preparation of n-propylbenzene?

Arrange the following mixtures in increasing order of their resultant molarity
(A) 20 mL of 0.5 M HCl + 30 mL of 0.3 M HCl
(B) 30 mL of 0.3 M HCl + 30 mL of 0.3 M HCl
(C) 20 mL of 0.5 M HCl + 20 mL of 0.3 M HCl
(D) 20 mL of 0.3 M HCl + 30 mL of 0.5 M HCl
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Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
Carboxylic acids are the organic compounds which comprise of carboxyl functional group, -COOH. These are generally found in nature, some higher members are known as fatty acids as they occur in natural fats as esters of glycerol. They can be prepared from oxidation of alcohols and aldehydes, hydrolysis of nitriles and amides and Grignard reagents. They are stronger acids than simple phenols and alcohols. but weaker than mineral acids. Substituents affect the acidity of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acids. They undergo reactions involving cleavage of -OH and C-OH bond. Carboxylic acids having an alpha hydrogen get halogenated in the presence of red phosphorus to form alpha halo carboxylic acids. The reaction is known as Hell Volhard Zelinsky reaction. Besides these aromatic carboxylic acids undergo electrophilic substitution reactions. They are versatile and are employed in the manufacture of various useful compounds. For example, methanoic acid is used in rubber, textile, dyeing, leather and electroplating industries. Higher fatty acids are used in the manufacture of soaps and detergents. Esters of Benzoic acid are used in perfumery.
Esterification of carboxylic acid with alcohols or phenols is which type of reaction?

Match List I with List II

List-l	List-II
A. \(K _2 SO _4( aq )\) with \(60 \%\) dissociation	I. \(i = 3 . 7\)
B. \(K _3\left[ Fe ( CN )_6\right]( aq )\) with \(90 \%\) dissociation	II. \(i=1.8\)
C. \(AlCl _3( aq )\) with \(80 \%\) dissociation	III. \(i=2.2\)
D. \(K _2 HgI _4( aq )\) with \(40 \%\) dissociation	IV. \(i=3.4\)

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A and B are two students. Their chances of solving a problem correctly are \(\frac{1}{3}\) and \(\frac{1}{4}\) respectively.
If the probability of their making a common error is \(\frac{1}{20}\) and they obtain the same answer, then the probability that their answer is correct is:

A lamp rating 8 V, 800 W is connected to a 100 V, 50 Hz a. c. source. The inductance of the choke required in the circuit is: (Take \( \pi = 3 \))

If \( +\sigma \) and \( -\sigma \) are the uniform surface charge densities of two parallel infinite thin plane sheets then the net electric field at the mid point of the two sheets will be given by (Where \( \epsilon_0 \) is the permittivity of free space, where the sheets are kept)

Which of the following alkyl halide will undergo \(\mathrm{S}_{\mathrm{N}} 1\) reaction fastest?

If \(C(x)=x^3-5 / 2 x^2+10\) represents the total cost of producing \(x\) units by a car manufacturing company. The slope of the marginal cost curve at \(x = 3\), will be:

A unit vector perpendicular to the vectors \(\hat{i}-\hat{j}\) and \(\hat{i}+\hat{j}\) is