CUET · CHEMISTRY · PYQ PAPER 2023
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Amines are classified as primary \(\left(1^{\circ}\right)\), secondary \(\left(2^{\circ}\right)\) and tertiary \(\left(3^{\circ}\right)\) depending upon the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl or aryl groups in ammonia molecules. Aliphatic amines are a stronger bases due to \(+I\) effect of an alkyl groups. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding in primary and secondary amines affects the boiling points of amines. The intermolecular association is more in primary amines than in secondary amines as there are more number of hydrogen atoms available for hydrogen bond formation. Nitro compounds are reduced to amines by passing hydrogen gas in the presence of finely divided nickel, palladium or platinum and also by reduction with metals in an acidic medium. Gabriel synthesis is used for the preparation of primary amines. Primary amines react with nitrous acid to give unstable diazonium-salts which can be used to synthesize a variety of compounds.
Identify the amine possessing least basic strength:
- A Aniline
- B \(p\)-Nitroaniline
- C \(p\)-Toluidine
- D \(p\)-Methoxyaniline
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B) \(p\)-Nitroaniline
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(-\text{NO}_2\) group is a strong electron-withdrawing group (-M effect). Electron-withdrawing groups decrease the electron density on the nitrogen atom of the amine. Decreased electron density on nitrogen makes the lone pair less available for donation, thus decreasing…
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