CUET · CHEMISTRY · PYQ PAPER 2025
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The crystal field theory (CFT) is an electrostatic model which considers the metal-ligand bond to be ionic arising purely from electrostatic interactions between the metal ion and the ligand. Ligands are treated as point charges in case of anions or dipoles in case of neutral molecules. The five d orbitals in an isolated gaseous metal atom/ion have same energy, i.e., they are degenerate. This degeneracy is maintained if a spherically symmetrical field of negative charges surrounds the metal atom/ion. However, when this negative field is due to ligands (either anions or the negative ends of dipolar molecules like NH3 and H2O) in a complex, it becomes asymmetrical and the degeneracy of the d orbitals is lifted. It results in splitting of the d orbitals. The pattern of splitting depends upon the nature of the crystal field.
Which of the following pairs exists as high-spin, tetrahedral complexes?
- A \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{SCN})_4\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{Mn}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}\)
- B \(\left[\mathrm{Ni}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{MnBr}_4\right]^{2-}\)
- C \(\left[\mathrm{NiCl}_4\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{MnBr}_4\right]^{2-}\)
- D \(\left[\mathrm{NiF}_4\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{Mn}(\mathrm{CN})_4\right]^{2-}\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(C) \(\left[\mathrm{NiCl}_4\right]^{2-}\) and \(\left[\mathrm{MnBr}_4\right]^{2-}\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(\left[\mathrm{NiCl}_4\right]^{2-}\): \(\mathrm{Ni}^{2+}\) (\(d^8\)). Cl-: weak field ligand \(\implies\) tetrahedral, high-spin. \(\left[\mathrm{MnBr}_4\right]^{2-}\): \(\mathrm{Mn}^{2+}\) (\(d^5\)). Br-: weak field ligand \(\implies\) tetrahedral, high-spin.
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