Match List-l with List-II

List-l (Test)	List-II (Identification)
(A) Hinsberg's Test	(I) Primary, Secondary and tertiary Amines
(B) Isocyanide test	(II) Aliphatic and Aromatic primary amines
(C) Azo dye test	(III) Primary Aromatic amines
(D) Tollen's Test	(IV) Reducing sugars

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When a metal is placed in a solution of its ions, the metal can lose electron and can go in the solution as ion or the metal ion in the solution can take electron from the electrode and get deposited as metal. Thus, the electrode acquires either positive or negative charge with respect to the solution leading to the development of a potential difference between the metal electrode and the solution. This potential difference is called the electrode potential of the metal. The electrode potential of a metal is a measure of relative tendency to undergo oxidation (loss of electron) or reduction (gain of electron). When the concentration of the ions in the solution is unity, the electrode potential is called standard electrode potential. The magni of potential depends upon the nature of electrode, concentration of ions in solution and the temperature. In a galvanic cell, the electrode at which oxidation occurs is known as anodic half-cell and the electrode at which reduction occurs is known as cathodic half cell. The emf of the cell in terms of standard reduction potential is given by \(E_{\text {cell }}^{\circ}=E_{\text {cathode }}^{\circ}-E_{\text {anode. }}^{\circ}\).The standard free energy change of the redox reaction taking place in the cell is related to \(E_{\text {cell }}^{\circ}\) by \(\Delta G^{\circ}=-n F E^{\circ}\). A redox reaction would occur spontaneously if the free energy change is negative. The equilibrium constant of the reaction is related to the standard free energy change by \(\Delta G^{\circ}=-R T \ln K\).
The measured potential for
\(A g ^{+}+ e ^{-} \rightarrow A g ( s )\)
does not change with

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Proteins are the polymers of about twenty different a-amino acids which are linked by peptide bonds. Proteins perform various structural and dynamic functions in the organisms. Proteins which contain only a-amino acids are called simple proteins. The secondary or tertiary structure of proteins get disturbed on change of pH or temperature and they are not able to perform their functions. This is called denaturation of proteins. Enzymes are biocatalysts which speed up the reactions in biosystems. Vitamins are accessory food factors required in the diet. They are classified as fat soluble (A, D, E and K) and water soluble (B group and C). Deficiency of vitamins leads to many diseases. Nucleic acids are the polymers of nucleotides which in turn consist of a base, a pentose sugar and phosphate moiety. Nucleic acids are responsible for the transfer of characters from parents to offsprings. There are two types of nucleic acids DNA and RNA. DNA contains a five carbon sugar molecule called 2-deoxyribose whereas RNA contains ribose.
Deficiency of which of following vitamins can cause scurvy (loosening and bleeding of gum)?

The correct expression for osmotic pressure of the solution involving dissociation of the solute is

Which of the following reaction mechanism is involved in Williamson synthesis?
\(R - X + R ^{\prime}- O - N a \rightarrow R - O - R ^{\prime}+ N a X\)
If \(\text{R} = \text{CH}_3\).

The correct order of increasing boiling points of the following compounds is: Pentan-1-ol, n-Butane, Pentanal, Ethoxyethane:

Among the following compounds, which will not undergo oxidation reaction?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Theory of Evolution
The evolution of life is a gradual process through which simple organisms are transformed into complex life forms over billions of years. It involves genetic changes, adaptation to the environment, and the emergence of diversity in species. Fossil records provide evidence of extinct life forms and transitional stages. Evolution is influenced by factors such as mutation, genetic recombination, and environmental pressure, shaping the biodiversity we see today. Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace were pioneering naturalists who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection.
The study of fossils in different sedimentary layers indicates ______.

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Function f(x))	List-II (Interval)
(A) \(f(x)=x|x|\)	(I) Decreases on \((0, \infty)\)
(B) \(f(x)=x^2+2 x-5\)	(II) Increases on \((3, \infty)\)
(C) \(f(x)=x^2-6 x+9\)	(III) Decreases on \((-\infty,-1)\)
(D) \(f(x)=-x^2\)	(IV) Increases on \((-\infty, \infty)\)

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Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects. BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by bacteria. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste. For example, the large holes in ‘Swiss cheese’ are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.
Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus

If the solar energy available to a particular ecosystem is 1,000,000 J. What will be the energy available at the 2nd trophic level in the food chain?

The series of hydrogen spectrum which lies in the visible region is :

Which isomerism is shown by the following pairs ?
\(CH_3CH_2CH_2OH\) and \(CH_3CH_2OCH_3\)