Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for the preparation of :

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Amines are classified as primary \(\left(1^{\circ}\right)\), secondary \(\left(2^{\circ}\right)\) and tertiary \(\left(3^{\circ}\right)\) depending upon the number of hydrogen atoms replaced by alkyl or aryl groups in ammonia molecules. Aliphatic amines are a stronger bases due to \(+I\) effect of an alkyl groups.
Intermolecular hydrogen bonding in primary and secondary amines affects the boiling points of amines. The intermolecular association is more in primary amines than in secondary amines as there are more number of hydrogen atoms available for hydrogen bond formation. Nitro compounds are reduced to amines by passing hydrogen gas in the presence of finely divided nickel, palladium or platinum and also by reduction with metals in an acidic medium. Gabriel synthesis is used for the preparation of primary amines. Primary amines react with nitrous acid to give unstable diazonium-salts which can be used to synthesize a variety of compounds.
The compound having the highest boiling point is

0.5 molal aqueous solution of a weak acid (HX) is 20% ionised.
If \(\text{K}_\text{f}\) for water is 1.86 \(\text{K kg mol}^{-1}\) the lowering in freezing point of solution will be:

Which of the following statement is not correct for Butan-2-ol?

A first order reaction is found to have a rate constant \(k = 5.5 \times 10^{-14}\ s^{-1}\).
Find the half-life of the reaction.

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Werner in 1898, propounded his theory of coordination compounds. In coordination compounds metals show two types of linkages (valences)-primary and secondary. The primary valences are normally ionisable and are satisfied by negative ions. The secondary valences are non-ionisable. These are satisfied by neutral molecules or negative ions. The secondary valence is equal to the coordination number and is fixed for a metal. The ions or group bound by the secondary linkages to the metal have characteristic spatial arrangements corresponding to the different coordination numbers. Both double salts as well as complexes are formed by the combination of two or more stable compounds in stoichiometric ratio. However, they differ in the fact that double salts such as carnallite, Mohr's salt, potash alum etc. dissociate into simple ions completely when dissolved in water. But complex ions do not dissociate completely into simple ions.
Which of the following statement is correct as per Werner theory?

Degree of dissociation, when molar conductivity of X at its concentration C is 24.14 and its limiting molar conductivity is 48.28 will be :

Two concentric coils of radius \( 2\pi \) cm each are placed with their planes at right angles to each other and carry currents of 3 A and 4 A, respectively. The net magnetic field in \( \text{Wb/m}^2 \) at the center of the coils will be

Which of the following statements is incorrect?

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Amines are considered to be derivatives of ammonia obtained by replacement of hydrogen atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. They are usually prepared from nitro compounds, halides, amides, imides etc. The presence of hydrogen bonding influences its physical properties. In alkylamines, a combination of electron releasing steric and hydrogen bonding factors influences the stability of substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents and thus affects the basic nature of amines. Alkyl amines are found to be stronger bases than ammonia which is more basic than water. Primary and secondary amines are engaged in intermolecular association due to hydrogen bonding. This intermolecular association is more in primary amines than in secondary amines. Tertiary amines do not have intermoleulcar association due to the absenceof hydrogen atom available for hydrogen bonding. Thus, the boiling point of amines depends on hydrogen bonding. In aromatic amines, electron releasing and withdrawing groups increase and decrease their basic character. Aryl diazonium salts usually obtained from arylamine undergo replacement of the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophile. Their coupling reaction of aryl diazonium salts with phenol or arylamine results in formation of dyes.
Complete the reaction by giving the final product:
Chloroethane + ethanolic (NaCN) + LiAlH\(_4\) \(\rightarrow\) ?

The magnification (m) and focal length (f) of a plane mirror are:

For a parallel plate capacitor having plate area \( 1.13 \times 10^3 \, m^2 \) and separation between plates 0.5 cm, the capacitance is

A charge q is enclosed by a spherical Gaussian surface of radius R. If the radius of the sphere is doubled, how will the outward electric flux change?