CUET · CHEMISTRY · PYQ PAPER 2023
Answer the question on basis of passage given below :
The noble gases He to Rn have close shell configuration and are monoatomic gases under normal conditions. Though mostly unreactive, but direct reaction of Xe with \(F_2\) leads to a series of compounds with Xe oxidation numbers \(+2,+4\) and +6 . When certain compounds like phenol and quinol are crystallised in the presence of noble gas such as \(Ar , Kr\) and Xe a category of compound called clathrates are formed. In these the noble gas atoms are trapped in the cavities of the crystal lattices. The compounds which crystallise are known as hosts (H) while the noble gas atoms are called guests ( \(G\) ). The general formula of a clathrate compound is \(n H m G\), where \(n\) is the number of host molecules and m is the number of atoms a molecule of guest.
In what molar ratio must Xe and \(F_2\) be taken to give \(XeF _4\) ?
- A \(1:1\)
- B \(1: 2\)
- C \(2: 1\)
- D \(1: 5\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(B) \(1: 2\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(Xe + 2F_2 \longrightarrow XeF_4\) Molar ratio \(Xe : F_2 = 1:2\)
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The degeneracy of the \(d\) orbitals has been removed due to ligand electron-metal electron repulsions in the octahedral comples to yield three orbitals of lower energy, \(t_{2 g}\) set and two orbitals of higher energy, \(e_g\) set. This splitting of the degenerate levels due to the presence of ligands in a definite geometry is termed as crystal field splitting and the energy separation is denoted by \(\Delta_0\). Thus energy of the two \(e_g\) orbitals will increase by \((3 / 5) \Delta_0\) and that of three \(t_{2 g}\) will decrease by \((2 / 5) \Delta_0\). The crystal field splitting \(\Delta_0\) depends upon the field produced by the ligand and charge on the metal ion. Some ligands are able to produce strong fields, in which case the splitting will be large, whereas others produce weak fields and consequently result in small splitting of \(d\) orbitals. Relative magnitude of crystal field splitting energy \(\Delta_{\circ}\) and pairing energy, \(P\) (energy required for electron pairing in a single orbital) determine the formation of low spin ( \(\Delta_0>P\) ) or high spin ( \(\Delta_0<P\) ) complex. In tetrahedral coordination entity formation, the \(d\)-orbital splitting is inverted and is smaller as compared to the octahedral field splitting. The crystal field theory attributes the colour of the complex to \(d-d\) transition of the electron. The colour of the coordination compounds depends on the crystal field splitting. In the absence of ligand, crystal field splitting does not occur and hence the substance is colourless.
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