CUET · CHEMISTRY · PYQ PAPER 2023
Answer the question on basis of passage given below :
P block elements are placed in groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table. Their valence shell electronic configuration is \(ns^2 np^{1-6}\). Group 16 of the p block elements are known as the group of chalcogens having \(ns^2 np^4\) as their general electronic configuration. They exhibit number of oxidation states but the stability of \(- 2\) oxidation state decreases down the group. They are sometimes also known as group of chalcogens as the name is derived from the Greek word for brass and points to the association of sulphur and its congeners with copper. Their ionisation enthalpy decreases down the group. Oxygen shows anomalous behaviour due to its small size and high electronegativity.
Identify the epsom salt out of the following salts :
- A PbS
- B ZnS
- C \(CuFeS_2\)
- D \(MgSO_4\cdot 7H_2O\)
Answer & Solution
Correct Answer
(D) \(MgSO_4\cdot 7H_2O\)
Step-by-step Solution
Detailed explanation
\(MgSO_4\cdot 7H_2O\)
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The degeneracy of the \(d\) orbitals has been removed due to ligand electron-metal electron repulsions in the octahedral complex to yield three orbitals of lower energy, \(t_{2 g}\) set and two orbitals of higher energy, \(e_g\) set. This splitting of the degenerate levels due to the presence of ligands in a definite geometry is termed as crystal field splitting and the energy separation is denoted by \(\Delta_0\). Thus energy of the two \(e_g\) orbitals will increase by \((3 / 5) \Delta_{\circ}\) and that of three \(t_{2 g}\) will decrease by \((2 / 5) \Delta_0\). The crystal field splitting \(\Delta_{ o }\) depends upon the field produced by the ligand and charge on the metal ion. Some ligands are able to produce strong fields, in which case the splitting will be large, whereas others produce weak fields and consequently result in small splitting of \(d\) orbitals. Relative magnitude of crystal field splitting energy \(\Delta_{\circ}\) and pairing energy, \(P\) (energy required for electron pairing in a single orbital) determine the formation of low spin ( \(\Delta_0>P\) ) or high spin ( \(\Delta_0<P\) ) complex. In tetrahedral coordination entity formation, the \(d\)-orbital splitting is inverted and is smaller as compared to the octahedral field splitting. The crystal field theory attributes the colour of the complex to \(d-d\) transition of the electron. The colour of the coordination compounds depends on the crystal field splitting. In the absence of ligand, crystal field splitting does not occur and hence the substance is colourless.
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\(2A + B_{2} \rightarrow 2A_{2}B\)
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