\(100 \text{ cm}^3\) of \(1\text{M } \text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\) and \(100 \text{cm}^3\) of \(2\text{M } \text{CH}_3\text{OH}\) were mixed to form an ester, which follows Ist order kinetics with respect to both \(\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\) and \(\text{CH}_3\text{OH}\). The change in their initial rate, if each solution is mixed with equal number of volume of water would be :

The common name and IUPAC name of the following compound, respectively, are

Select the correct statements for [Fe(CN)₆]^3- complex :
(A) Paramagnetic
(B) sp³d² hybridization
(C) Magnetic moment = 5.92 BM
(D) d²sp³ hybridization
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Carbonyl compounds such as aldehydes, ketones, and carboxylic acids play an important role in the biochemical process of plants and animal kingdom.
Many aldehydes and ketones find applications in dye, perfumery and other industries.
The carbonyl carbon atom is \(s p^2\)-hybridized forming three sigma and one pi-bond with oxygen.
C-O bonds are polar bond due to high electronegativity of oxygen than carbon.
Hence the carbonyl carbon behaves as an electrophilic center and oxygen as a nucleophilic centre.
Primary and secondary alcohols yield aldehydes and ketones respectively upon oxidation with variety of oxidizing agents.
The boiling points of aldehydes and ketones differ from hydrocarbons and ethers.
Aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophilic addition reaction due to presence of electrophilic carbonyl carbon.
Nucleophile and a proton add across the carbon oxygen double bond.
The alcohol which cannot be used to prepare carbonyl compound through oxidation is

Match List - I with List - II

List - I (Laws/properties)	List - II (Statements)
(A) Colligative properties	(I) for a solution of volatile liquids, the partial vapour pressure of each component of the solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction present in the solution.
(B) Henry's law	(II) the total pressure over the solution phase in the container will be the sum of the partial pressures of all the components of the solution.
(C) Raoult's law	(III) depends on the number of solute particles, irrespective of their nature.
(D) Dalton's law of partial pressures	(IV) at a constant temperature, the solubility of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the partial pressure of the gas present above the surface of a liquid or solution.

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Carbylamine reaction is used as a test for
(A) aromatic primary amine
(B) aliphatic primary amine
(C) aliphatic secondary amine
(D) substituted aromatic secondary amine
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The compounds\([\text{CuSO}_4(\text{NH}_3)_2]\text{Br}_2\)and\([\text{Cu}(\text{NH}_3)_2\text{Br}_2]\text{SO}_4\) are:

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The carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is highly polar. The positively charged carbon is readily attacked by electron-rich nucleophile and the negatively charged oxygen atom is attacked by an electro-deficient electrophile. Aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophilic addition reactions in the presence of acid or a base. The mechanism involves attack of a nucleophile on the electron deficient carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. A new bond is formed between the carbon and oxygen. Protonation of the anion furnished by the reaction medium yields a neutral addition product. The addition product is same whether the reaction is catalyzed by acid or a base. For example in the presence of base aldehydes and ketones react with hydrogen cyanide to form cyanohydrin.
During nucleophilic addition reaction the carbonyl carbon undergoes a change in hybridization from:

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DNA Fingerprinting
Polymorphism in DNA sequence is the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as of DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting involves identification of differences in some specific regions in the DNA sequence called repetitive DNA. It works on the principle of polymorphisms in DNA sequences. The repetitive DNA are separated from bulk genomic DNA. The bulk DNA forms a major peak and the other small peaks are referred to as satellite DNA. These repetitive/satellite DNA sequences show a high degree of polymorphisms and form the basis of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA polymorphism forms the basis of

Two electrons are moving with different kinetic energies. If 1st electron is moving with kinetic energy \( k \) and the 2nd electron with kinetic energy \( 4k \), the ratio of their de Broglie wavelengths will be respectively:

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Broadly, genetic disorders may be grouped into two categories - Mendelian disorders and Chromosomal disorders. Mendelian disorders are mainly determined by alteration or mutation in the single gene. These disorders are transmitted to the offspring on the same lines as we have studied in the principle of inheritance. The trait may also be linked to the sex chromosome as in case of haemophilia. It is evident that this X-linked recessive trait shows transmission from carrier female of male progeny.
The disease which is transmitted to the offsprings following the principles of inheritance is :

Which of the following acts as bio fertilizer in paddy field?

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Aldehydes, carboxylic acids and ketones are widespread in the animal and plant kingdoms.
They play a pivotal role in various biochemical processes of life. Their presence in nature adds fragrance and flavor. These compounds are widely used in food products, pharmaceuticals, paints, resins and other important product industries. These compounds are prepared by various laboratory methods, which mainly include oxidation, formylation, acylation and reduction. Due to the polar nature of the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones, they can exhibit different reactions like nucleophilic addition. They do exhibit redox and various condensation reactions which lead to the formation of various important compounds. On the other hand, the carboxylic acids are mainly prepared by oxidation and hydrolysis of different compounds. The carboxylic acid consists of a carbonyl group and the hydroxy group (attached to the carbonyl carbon atom). This makes it possible for the carboxylic acid to participate in various chemical reactions which involve cleavage of the C-OH bond and the O_H bond along with the reactions involving the complete -COOH group.
Identify the final product (X) of the chemical reaction obtained from the following transformation :