Which of the following is caused due to substitution of glutamic acid to valine on 6th position of B-globin chain of Haemoglobin molecule ?

Identify the statements relevant to Genetically Modified (GM) crops:
A. They have better pest resistance.
B. They have increased nutritional value.
C. They are more reliant on chemical fertilisers.
D. They have less post harvest losses.
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Species diversity on earth is not uniformly distributed. It is generally highest in the tropics and decreases towards the poles. Earth's fossil history reveals the incidences of mass extinctions in the past. Earth's rich biodiversity is vital for the very survival of mankind. It is believed that communities with high diversity tend to be less variable and more productive. The reasons of conserving biodiversity are narrowly utilitarian, broadly utilitarian and ethical. Biodiversity conservation may be in-situ as well as ex-situ.
Which of the following might not account for the greater biological diversity in the tropic region?

Which one of the following techniques is used for the separation of DNA fragments?

Once the BOD of sewage or waste water is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passed into a settling tank where the bacterial 'flocs' are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called as:

Which one of the following layers of microsporangium nourishes the developing pollen grains?

Parturition is the:

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Alcohols and phenols are formed when a hydrogen atom in a hydrocarbon, aliphatic and aromatic respectively is replaced by -OH group. These are further classified on the basis of number of hydroxy groups and according to the hybridization of the carbon atom \(sp ^2\) or \(sp ^3\) to which the -OH group is attached. They find applications in industry as well as in day-to-day life. One of the most commercially obtained alcohol also known as wood spirit is obtained by destructive distillation of wood. Both alcohols and phenols are acidic in nature. The acidity of alcohols and phenols vary according to the nature of substituent(s) attached to them. Alcohols and phenols react with carboxylic acids, acid chlorides and acid anhydrides to form esters. Introduction of acetyl group in alcohols and phenols is called acetylation. Phenol undergo electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction because the -OH activates the benzene ring. It undergoes nitration, halogenation and sulphonation reactions.
Which compound is also known as 'wood spirit'?

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Aldehydes, carboxylic acids and ketones are widespread in the animal and plant kingdoms.
They play a pivotal role in various biochemical processes of life. Their presence in nature adds fragrance and flavor. These compounds are widely used in food products, pharmaceuticals, paints, resins and other important product industries. These compounds are prepared by various laboratory methods, which mainly include oxidation, formylation, acylation and reduction. Due to the polar nature of the carbonyl group in aldehydes and ketones, they can exhibit different reactions like nucleophilic addition. They do exhibit redox and various condensation reactions which lead to the formation of various important compounds. On the other hand, the carboxylic acids are mainly prepared by oxidation and hydrolysis of different compounds. The carboxylic acid consists of a carbonyl group and the hydroxy group (attached to the carbonyl carbon atom). This makes it possible for the carboxylic acid to participate in various chemical reactions which involve cleavage of the C-OH bond and the O_H bond along with the reactions involving the complete -COOH group.
Identify the final product (X) of the chemical reaction obtained from the following transformation :

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Nearly all the transition elements display typical metallic properties such as high tensile strength, ductility, malleability, high thermal and electrical conductivity and metallic lustre. The transition metals (with the exception of Zn, Cd and Hg) are very hard and have low volatility. Their melting and boiling points are high. They have high enthalpies of atomization. lons of the same charge in a given series show progressive decrease in radius with increasing atomic number. However, the variation within a series is quite small. The filling of 4f before 5d orbital results in a regular decrease in atomic radii called Lanthanoid contraction which essentially compensates for the expected increase in atomic size with increasing atomic number. The net result of the lanthanoid contraction is that the second and the third d series exhibit similar radii (e.g., Zr 160 pm, Hf 159 pm) and have very similar physical and chemical properties. There is an increase in ionisation enthalpy along each series of the transition elements from left to right. The first ionisation enthalpy, in general, increases, but the magnitude of the increase in the second and third ionisation enthalpies for the successive elements, is much higher along a series. One of the notable features of a transition elements is the great variety of oxidation states these may show in their compounds.
Metallic radii of some transition elements are as follows:
Fe: 126 pm; Co: 125 pm; Ni: 125 pm; Cu: 128 pm
Which of these elements will have highest density?

\( E_1 \) and \( E_2 \) represents potential and kinetic energies of the orbital electron respectively then:

Identify the hormone releasing IUDs.

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I	List - II
(A) Leydig Cell	(I) GnRH
(B) Hypothalamus	(II) Androgens
(C) Growing follicle	(III) Progesterone
(D) Corpus luteum	(IV) Estrogen

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