The net primary productivity (NPP) in an ecosystem can be represented by:

The negatively charged DNA is wrapped around the positively charged histone octamer and forms a structure, called:

There are two kinds of nucleases - exonucleases and endonucleases. Exonucleases remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA whereas, endonucleases make cuts at specific positions within the DNA. The cutting of DNA by restriction endonucleases results in the fragments of DNA. These fragments can be separated by a technique known as gel electrophoresis. Since DNA fragments are negatively charged molecules they can be separated by forcing them to move towards the anode under an electric field through a medium/matrix. Small volume cultures cannot yield appreciable quantities of products. To produce in large quantities, the development of bioreactors, where large volumes (100 - 1000 litres) of culture can be processed, was required. Thus, bioreactors can be thought of as vessels in which raw materials are biologically converted into specific products, individual enzymes, etc., using microbial plant, animal or human cells. PCR stands for Polymerase Chain Reaction. In this reaction, multiple copies of the gene (or DNA) of interest are synthesised in vitro using two sets of primers (small chemically synthesised oligonucleotides that are complementary to the regions of DNA) and the enzyme DNA polymerase.
Which one of the following enzymes remove nucleotides from the ends of the DNA?

The spermatids are transformed into spermatozoa by the process called as

What amount of energy would be at the producer level if it is 50 KJ at third trophic level?

Transmission of HIV-Infection occurs by-
(A). Using infected needles by the health staff or by drug abusers
(B). Transfusion of contaminated blood and blood product
(C). Sexual contact with infected person
(D). Sharing food and sanitation facilities
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Arrange the given geological periods according to their occurrence from oldest to latest order?
(A) Devonian
(B) Cretaceous
(C) Triassic
(D) Carboniferous
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Transcription is the process of copying genetic information from one strand of -

Identify the statements which hold true for transgenic animals.
(A) Transgenic animals can be used to study vaccine safety.
(B) Over 95% of transgenic animals are mice
(C) Transgenic animals cannot be used to study human diseases
(D) Transgenic animal possess and express forgein gene

The value of \(\cot \left(\cos ^{-1} \frac{7}{25}\right)\) is

What is the full form of ELISA ?

If the concentration of a reactant is reduced to half, the rate of reaction becomes \(\frac{1}{4}\). What will be the order of reaction?

Read the paragraph given below and answer the question.
Sutton and Boveri argued that the pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried. Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Following this synthesis of ideas, experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan and his colleagues, led to discovering the basis for the variation that sexual reproduction produced. Morgan worked with the tiny fruit files, which were found very suitable for such studies. They could be grown on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory. They complete their life cycle in a short span of time and a single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies. Also, there was a clear differentiation of the sexes - the male and female flies are easily distinguishable. Also, it has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes.
Cross performed between yellow bodied, white eyed females and brown bodied red eyed males of Drosophila results in: