Sporozoites of Plasmodium are formed in ______ of female Anopheles mosquito.

DNA recombinant technology involves the use of restriction endonucleases. After having cloned the gene of interest and having optimised the conditions to induce the expression of the target protein, one has to consider producing it on a large scale. The cells harbouring cloned genes of interest may be grown on a small scale in the laboratory. In order to link the alien DNA, the vector needs to have very few, preferably single, recognition sites for the commonly used restriction enzymes. Presence of more than one recognition sites within the vector will generate several fragments, which will complicate the gene cloning. In Biolistics or gene gun method cells are bombarded with high velocity micro particles of gold or tungsten coated with DNA. The ligation of alien DNA is carried out at a restriction site present in one of the two antibiotic resistance genes. For example, you can ligate a foreign DNA at the BamH I site of tetracycline resistance gene in the vector pBR322. Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. The RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease whereas proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.
Which one of the following enzymes works as molecular glue?

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DNA Fingerprinting
Polymorphism in DNA sequence is the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as of DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting involves identification of differences in some specific regions in the DNA sequence called repetitive DNA. It works on the principle of polymorphisms in DNA sequences. The repetitive DNA are separated from bulk genomic DNA. The bulk DNA forms a major peak and the other small peaks are referred to as satellite DNA. These repetitive/satellite DNA sequences show a high degree of polymorphisms and form the basis of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA fingerprinting is meant for:

Colostrum secreted by mother is rich in:

Which of the following is a hormonal method of contraception?

A transcription unit in DNA is defined primarily by the following regions -
(A) Structural gene
(B) A terminator
(C) A promoter
(D) Exon
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Once the BOD of sewage or waste water is reduced significantly, the effluent is then passed into a settling tank where the bacterial 'flocs' are allowed to sediment. This sediment is called as:

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Biofertilisers
Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil and their main sources are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria. You have studied about the nodules on the roots of leguminous plants formed by the symbiotic association of Rhizobium. These bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms. Other bacteria can also fix atmospheric nitrogen while free-living in the soil (examples Azospirillum and Azotobacter). Fungi are also known to form symbiotic associations with plants (mycorrhiza). Many members of the genus Glomus form mycorrhiza. Plants having such associations show other benefits also, such as resistance to root-borne pathogens, tolerance to salinity and drought, and an overall increase in plant growth and development. Cyanobacteria are autotrophic microbes widely distributed in aquatic and terrestrial environments many of which can fix atmospheric nitrogen, e.g. Anabaena, Nostoc, Oscillatoria, etc. In paddy fields, cyanobacteria serve as an important biofertiliser. Blue green algae also add organic matter in to the soil and increase its fertility. Currently, in our country, a number of biofertilisers are available commercially in the market and farmers use these regularly in their fields to replenish soil nutrients and to reduce dependence on chemical fertilisers.
Choose the free living, nitrogen-fixing bacteria from the following.

Which of the following diseases is caused by a virus?

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Compound)	List-II (Uses)
(A) Diazonium salt	(I) Surfactants
(B) Novocain	(II) Antihistaminic drug
(C) Benadryl	(III) Dentistry
(D) Quaternary ammonium salts	(IV) Dyes

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Alkyl halides react with sodium to give alkanes with double number of carbon atoms in

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A homogeneous mixture of two or more than two components has uniform composition and properties. The binary solutions have two components, which may be solid, liquid or gas. The resultant solution has a larger amount of solvent and a smaller amount of solute. The amount of solute in a given amount of solvent decides the concentration of the resulting solution. The concentration can be expressed in various ways, like molarity, molality, normality and mole fraction.
Molarity of a solution containing 8 grams \(NaOH\) in one liter of water is:

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The decomposition of \(N_2O_5\ (g)\) is given as
\(N_2O_5(g) \rightarrow 2NO_2(g) + \frac{1}{2}O_2(g)\)
The above reaction is found to be of first order.
The initial concentration of \(N_2O_5\) was \(1.24 \times 10^{-2}\ M\) at \(318\ K\).
The concentration \(N_2O_5\) after \(60\ minutes\) was \(0.20 \times 10^{-2}\ M\).
The rate constant of the reaction at \(318\ K\) is ______________ (\(log\ 6.2 = 0.792\))