Select the incorrect statements with respect to the origin and evolution of man.
A. Ramapithecus was more man like primates
B. Dryopithecus was more ape- like primates
C. Australopithecines probably lived in East Asian grasslands
D. The first human like being the hominid was called Homo habilis
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
The B-lymphocytes produce an army of proteins in response to pathogens. Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains, two small called light chains and two longer called heavy chains. Virus-infected cells secrete proteins called interferons which protect non-infected cells from further viral infection. Symptoms of allergic reactions include sneezing, watery eyes, running nose and difficulty in breathing. The use of drugs like anti-histamine, adrenalin and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy. Lymphoid organs are the organs where origin and/or maturation and proliferation of lymphocytes occur. The primary lymphoid organs are bone marrow and thymus. After maturation the lymphocytes migrate to secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, Peyer's patches of small intestine and appendix. Heroin commonly called smack is chemically diacetylmorphine which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound. This is obtained by acetylation of morphine, which is extracted from the latex of poppy plant Papaver somniferum.
Which one of the following is not a feature of an antibody:

Fungi are also known to form symbiotic associations with plants. This is known as-

Which of the following bond in DNA strand is broken by the action of restriction enzyme?

Match List-l with List-ll

List-l (Techniques)	List-II (Features)
(A) Bioprocess engineering	(I) Use of bio resources without proper authorisation
(B) Somatic hybridisation	(II) Correction of gene defect
(C) Gene therapy	(III) Fusion of protoplasts from two different organisms
(D) Biopiracy	(IV) Maintenance of sterile ambiance for microbial growth

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Microbes in human welfare Microbes are a very important component of life on earth. we use microbes and microbially derived products almost every day, like LAB to make curd, yeast to make bread, adding flavor and texture to cheese, producing antibiotics etc. The addition of LAB, improves the milk quality by increasing vit. B12. Cheese is one of the oldest food items in which microbes are used. For example, large holes in Swiss cheese are due to CO2 produced by the bacterium Propionibacterium sharmanii. The BOD test measures the rate of uptake of oxygen by microorganisms in a sample of water and thus, indirectly, BOD is a measure of the organic matter present in the water. The greater the BOD of waste water, the more is its polluting potential. In anaerobic sludge digesters, bacteria produce a mixture of gases like methane, hydrogen sulphide and carbon dioxide. These gases form biogas and can be used as a source of energy. Biofertilisers are organisms that enrich the nutrient quality of the soil. The main sources of biofertilisers are bacteria, fungi and cyanobacteria. You have studied about the nodules on the roots of leguminous plants formed by the symbiotic association of Rhizobium. These bacteria fix atmospheric nitrogen into organic forms, which is used by the plant as a nutrient. Other bacteria can fix atmospheric nitrogen while free-living in the soil (examples Azospirillum and Azotobacter).
BOD refers to the -

Which of the following statements are correct about pollination?
(A) Wind pollinated flowers are often very colourful.
(B) In many aquatic plants like water lily, the pollination takes place by insects.
(C) Wind pollination is quite common in grasses.
(D) In most of the water pollinated species, pollen grains are protected from wetting by mucilaginous covering.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

A beam of light of wavelength 500 nm from a distant source falls on a single slit of width \( 10^{-4} \, \text{m} \), and the resulting diffraction pattern is observed on a screen 2 m away. The width of the central bright fringe is:

Read the Passage carefully and answer the the questions
Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains : chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. The first clinical gene therapy was given in 1990 to a 4-year old girl with adenosine deaminase (ADA) deficiency. This enzyme is crucial for the immune system to function. Recombinant DNA technology, Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) and Enzyme Linked Immuno-sorbent Assay (ELISA) are some of the techniques that serve the purpose of early diagnosis of diseases. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (α-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Biopiracy is the term used to refer to the use of bio-resources by multinational companies and other organisations without proper authorisation from the countries and people concerned without compensatory payment.
In early diagnosis of disease, the principle of antigen-antibody interaction operates in -

When a current of 5 A flows through an ammeter, it gives full deflection. The resistance of ammeter is 20 \(\Omega\). If the same ammeter is to be used for measuring a maximum current of 10 A, then the ammeter must be connected to a resistance of :

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
The carbonyl group of aldehydes and ketones is highly polar. The positively charged carbon is readily attacked by electron-rich nucleophile and the negatively charged oxygen atom is attacked by an electro-deficient electrophile. Aldehydes and ketones undergo nucleophilic addition reactions in the presence of acid or a base. The mechanism involves attack of a nucleophile on the electron deficient carbonyl carbon to form a tetrahedral intermediate. A new bond is formed between the carbon and oxygen. Protonation of the anion furnished by the reaction medium yields a neutral addition product. The addition product is same whether the reaction is catalyzed by acid or a base. For example in the presence of base aldehydes and ketones react with hydrogen cyanide to form cyanohydrin.
What is the product formed when an aldehyde other than formaldehyde is treated with Grignard reagent?

When benzene diazonium chloride is treated with halogen acid in the presence of copper powder, the reaction is referred to as

Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. The source of this complementary RNA could be from an infection by viruses having RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediate. Insulin from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions to the foreign protein. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. If successful and found to be reliable, they could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.

The Bt toxin gene cryIAb controls the: