Read the passage carefully and give the answers to the question :
Does the number of species in a community really matter to the functioning of the ecosystem? This is a question for which ecologists have not been able to give a definitive answer. For many decades, ecologists believed that communities with more species, generally, tend to be more stable than those with less species. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN) (2004), the total number of plant and animal species described so far is more than 1.5 million.
The following are the various hypotheses proposed in explaining the greatest biological diversity in tropics except :

1. A Temperate regions are subjected to glaciations, but tropical latitudes have remained relatively undisturbed.
2. B Tropical environments have less humidity/moisture which helps the diversity to flourish.
3. C Tropical environments are less seasonal and more constant.
4. D There is more solar energy available in the tropics which contributes to higher productivity and hence, biodiversity.