Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains- chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans, coleopterans and dipterans. Bt toxin protein is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the crystals. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (alpha-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). GM plants have been useful in many ways. Genetic modification has: (i) made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses. (ii) reduced reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops). (iii) helped to reduce post harvest losses. (iv) increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants (this prevents early exhaustion of fertility of soil). (v) enhanced nutritional value of food.
Which one of the following species is not killed by insecticidal protein produced by Bacillus thuringiensis?

Match List I with List II

LIST I	LIST II
A. Down's syndrome	I. 44+XXY
B. Thalassemia	II. Autosomal recessive trait
C. Klinefelter's syndrome	III. 44 + XO
D. Turner's Syndrome	IV. 45+XY/XX

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Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Bioactive molecule, cyclosporin A, that is used as an immunosuppressive agent in organ-transplant patients, is produced by the fungus Trichoderma polysporum. Statins produced by the yeast Monascus purpureus have been commercialised as blood-cholesterol lowering agents. It acts by competitively inhibiting the enzyme responsible for synthesis of cholesterol. Baculoviruses are pathogens that attack insects and other arthropods. The majority of baculoviruses used as biological control agents are in the genus Nucleopolyhedrovirus. These viruses are excellent candidates for species-specific, narrow spectrum insecticidal applications. They have been shown to have no negative impacts on plants, mammals, birds, fish or even on non-target insects. BOD refers to the amount of the oxygen that would be consumed if all the organic matter in one liter of water were oxidised by bacteria. The sewage water is treated till the BOD is reduced. Cheese, is one of the oldest food items in which microbes were used. Different varieties of cheese are known by their characteristic texture, flavour and taste. For example, the large holes in 'Swiss cheese' are due to production of a large amount of CO₂ by a bacterium named Propionibacterium sharmanii.
The greater the BOD of waste water-

A nucleoside comprises:

In DNA N-glycosidic linkage is present between

Arrange the following steps involved in Polymerase Chain Reaction in correct sequence.
A. Denaturation of dsDNA by heating.
B. Extension of Primer
C. Annealing of Primer
D. Amplification of DNA
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Which of the following crosses is showing a Test cross?

Two cells of emf 10 V and 6 V, each having internal resistances of \(2 \Omega\) are connected in parallel across points A and B. The equivalent emf of the cells is

(A) The degree of differential equation \(\frac{d^2 y}{d x^2}+\sin \left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)=0\) is 2
(B) The degree of differential equation \(\frac{d}{d x}\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)+\left(\frac{d y}{d x}\right)^3+\sin x=0\) is 1
(C) The order of differential equation \(2 x^2 \frac{d^2 y}{d x^2}-3 \frac{d y}{d x}+y=0\) is 2
(D) The number of arbitrary constants in a particular solution of a differential equation of third order are 3
(E) The integrating factor of the differential equation \(\frac{d y}{d x}-y=\cos x\) is \(e^{-x}\)
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Match solution in List-l with nature of solute and solvent List-ll

List-l (Solution)	List-II (Solute and Solvent)
(A) Amalgam of mercury in sodium	(I) solid in liquid
(B) An alloy	(II) liquid in gas
(C) A saturated solution of KCI	(III) liquid in solid
(D) Chloroform in nitrogen gas	(IV) Copper in gold

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The following reaction is an example of:

Read the passage carefully and answer the questions
Sodium dichromate \(Na _2 Cr _2 O _7\) and Potassium dichromate \(K _2 Cr _2 O _7\) are strong oxidizing agents; in acidic solution, its oxidising action can be represented as follows :
\(Cr _2 O _7^{2-}+14 H ^{+}+6 e^{-} \rightarrow 2 Cr ^{3+}+7 H _2 O \left( E ^{\circ}=1.33 V\right)\)
The chromates and dichromates are interconvertible in aqueous solution depending upon pH of the solution.
The chromate ion is tetrahedral whereas the dichromate ion consists of two tetrahedra sharing one corner with \(Cr - O - Cr\) bond angle of \(126^{\circ}\)
Potassium permanganate is prepared by fusion of \(MnO _2\) with an alkali metal hydroxide and an oxidising agent like \(KNO _3\).
This produces the dark green \(K _2 MnO _4\) which disproportionates in a neutral or acidic solution to give permanganate. It is a strong oxidizing agent. Hydrogen ion concentration of the solution plays an important part in the reduction of permanganate to manganate, manganese dioxide and manganese(II) salt.
Potassium permanganate forms dark purple (almost black) crystals which are isostructural with those of \(KClO _4\).
The salt is not very soluble in water \((6.4 g / 100 g\) of water at 293 K ), but when heated it decomposes at 513 K.
When \(KMnO _4\) is added to oxalic acid solution, the decolourisation is slow in the beginning but becomes faster after some time because

\(\int \log _e x d x\) is equal to: