Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Productivity in the Ecosystem
The flow of energy through a terrestrial ecosystem starts with the harnessing of sunlight by autotrophs. The radiant energy is converted by photosynthesis to organic compounds is known as productivity. The productivity is expressed in units of energy per unit of area per unit time. The amount of organic matter present at any given time is biomass. The productivity of any ecosystem is affected by many parameters like weather conditions, nutrient availability etc. The productivity of any ecosystem does vary seasonally and yearly.
The unit for expressing productivity is -

Which is known as 'Terror of Bengal'.?

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions.
Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains- chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans, coleopterans and dipterans. Bt toxin protein is converted into an active form of toxin due to the alkaline pH of the gut which solubilise the crystals. Transgenic animals that produce useful biological products can be created by the introduction of the portion of DNA (or genes) which codes for a particular product such as human protein (alpha-1-antitrypsin) used to treat emphysema. Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). GM plants have been useful in many ways. Genetic modification has: (i) made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses. (ii) reduced reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops). (iii) helped to reduce post harvest losses. (iv) increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants (this prevents early exhaustion of fertility of soil). (v) enhanced nutritional value of food.
Identify the incorrect fact about genetic modification.

Read the passage carefully and answer the given questions.
DNA Fingerprinting
Polymorphism in DNA sequence is the basis of genetic mapping of the human genome as well as of DNA fingerprinting. DNA fingerprinting involves identification of differences in some specific regions in the DNA sequence called repetitive DNA. It works on the principle of polymorphisms in DNA sequences. The repetitive DNA are separated from bulk genomic DNA. The bulk DNA forms a major peak and the other small peaks are referred to as satellite DNA. These repetitive/satellite DNA sequences show a high degree of polymorphisms and form the basis of DNA fingerprinting.
DNA polymorphism forms the basis of

Arrange the following steps of gene therapy for Adenosine deaminase deficiency in sequence.
(A) Patients lymphocytes are grown in culture outside the body
(B) Functional ADA cDNA is introduced into lymphocytes using retroviral vector
(C) Lymphocytes are taken from the blood of the patient
(D) Genetically engineered lymphocytes introduced back to the patient body
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Read the paragraph given below and answer the question.
Sutton and Boveri argued that the pairing and separation of a pair of chromosomes would lead to the segregation of a pair of factors they carried. Sutton united the knowledge of chromosomal segregation with Mendelian principles and called it the chromosomal theory of inheritance. Following this synthesis of ideas, experimental verification of the chromosomal theory of inheritance by Thomas Hunt Morgan and his colleagues, led to discovering the basis for the variation that sexual reproduction produced. Morgan worked with the tiny fruit files, which were found very suitable for such studies. They could be grown on simple synthetic medium in the laboratory. They complete their life cycle in a short span of time and a single mating could produce a large number of progeny flies. Also, there was a clear differentiation of the sexes the male and female flies are easily distinguishable. Also, it has many types of hereditary variations that can be seen with low power microscopes.
Which of the following scientist worked with Drosophila?

Match List - I with List - II.

LIST I	LIST II
A. Structural genes in eukaryotes	I. Polycistronic
B. The coding sequence that appear in mature RNA	II. Monocistronic
C. Structural genes in Prokaryotes	III. Intron
D. Sequences not present in processed RNA	IV. Exons

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

The work function for a metal is 4.14 eV. The threshold wavelength for this metal surface is:
(\( h = 6.62 \times 10^{-34} \text{ J s}, c = 3 \times 10^8 \text{ m s}^{-1} \))

Which of the following reaction mechanism is involved in Williamson synthesis?
\(R - X + R ^{\prime}- O - N a \rightarrow R - O - R ^{\prime}+ N a X\)
If \(\text{R} = \text{CH}_3\).

Read the passage given below and answer the question.
Phenols and Alcohol have the same function group (-OH) but phenols are stronger acids than alcohol due the resonance stabilization of phenoxide ion than alkoxide ion (-RO\(^{-}\)). Electron withdrawing groups tend to increase the acidic strength while electron releasing groups tend to decrease it.
Which of the following reagent is used to distinguish between phenol and benzoic acid ?

In the depression of freezing point experiment, it is found that,
A. The vapour pressure of the solution is less than that of pure solvent.
B. The vapour pressure of the solution is than that of pure solvent.
C. Only solute molecules solidify at the freezing point.
D. Only solvent molecules ecules solidify at the freezing point.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

The order of reaction will be if the value of rate constant is \(7.195 \times 10-4\) \(mol ^{-3} L^3 s^{-1}\)

When a light of wavelength 150 nm is incident on silver surface a potential of 3.58 V is required to stop the photoelectrons from reaching the collector plate. Find the potential required to stop photoelectrons when a light of wavelength 200 nm is incident on it ?
(Work function of silver is 4.7 eV)