Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. The source of this complementary RNA could be from an infection by viruses having RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediate. Insulin from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions to the foreign protein. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. If successful and found to be reliable, they could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillus thuringiensis and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.

The Bt toxin gene cryIAb controls the:

Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. The source of this complementary RNA could be from an infection by viruses having RNA genomes or mobile genetic elements (transposons) that replicate via an RNA intermediate. Insulin from an animal source, though caused some patients to develop allergy or other types of reactions to the foreign protein. Insulin consists of two short polypeptide chains: chain A and chain B, that are linked together by disulphide bridges. Transgenic mice are being developed for use in testing the safety of vaccines before they are used on humans. Transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of the polio vaccine. If successful and found to be reliable, they could replace the use of monkeys to test the safety of batches of the vaccine. Specific Bt toxin genes were isolated from Bacillusthuringiensis} and incorporated into the several crop plants such as cotton. The choice of genes depends upon the crop and the targeted pest, as most Bt toxins are insect-group specific. The toxin is coded by a gene cryIAc named cry. There are a number of them, for example, the proteins encoded by the genes cryIAc and cryIIAb control the cotton bollworms, that of cryIAb controls corn borer.

The transgenic mice are being used to test the safety of which vaccine?

Read the following and select the set of correct statements.
(A) Euchromatin is transcriptionally inactive
(B) Heterochromatin is more densely packed
(C) Heterochromatin is loosely packed
(D) Euchromatin is transcriptionally active
(E) Euchromatin stains lighter

Arrange the given steps involved in gel electrophoresis used for separation of DNA fragments?
(A) Exposure to UV light
(B) Staining with ethidium bromide
(C) Movement of DNA fragments towards anode
(D) Elution
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Read the following paragraph carefully and answer the given questions.
Certain types of leukocytes (WBC) of our body like polymorpho-nuclear leukocytes (PMNL-neutrophils) and monocytes and natural killer (type of lymphocytes) in the blood as well as macrophages in tissues can phagocytose and destroy microbes. For determining the cause of allergy, the patient is exposed to or injected with very small doses of possible allergens, and the reactions studied. The use of drugs like anti-histamine, adrenalin and steroids quickly reduce the symptoms of allergy. Heroin, commonly called smack is chemically diacetylmorphine which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound. This is obtained by acetylation of morphine. Techniques like radiography (use of X-rays), CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful to detect cancers of the internal organs. Different species of Plasmodium (P. vivax, P. malaria and P. falciparum) are responsible for different types of malaria. Of these, malignant malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum is the most serious one and can even be fatal.
Heroin, commonly called smack is chemically _________ which is a white, odourless, bitter crystalline compound.

Match List - I with List - II.

List - I	List - II
(A) Operator	(IV) Repressor protein
(B) Promotor	(I) RNA polymerase
(C) y-gene	(II) Permeability of the cell
(D) z-gene	(III) Hydrolysis of a specific disaccharide

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

Match List I with List II.

LIST I	LIST II
A. Down's Syndrome	I. Absence of a copy of X chromosome
B. Klinefelter's Syndrome	II. Presence of additional copy of X chromosome
C. Turner's Syndrome	III. Mutation in X chromosome
D. Colour blindness	IV. Trisomy of 21st chromosome

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Let R be the relation in the set \(\{a, b, c\}\) given by \(R=\{(a, b),(b, b),(a, a),(a, c),(c, c),(c, b)\}\) Choose the correct answer from the options below :

In a magnetic field,
(A) a charged particle in motion can experience a force
(B) a charged particle at rest, experiences a force
(C) there is no change in the speed of the charged particle
(D) there is a change in the kinetic energy of the charged particle.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Two point charges \( +4 \mu C \) and \( -2 \mu C \) are placed at a certain distance in air. They experience an attractive force \( F \). If they are brought in contact with each other and then separated to the same distance, the new repulsive force between them will be :

Read the given paragraph carefully and answer the following questions:
Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. This can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus). There are some basic steps in genetically modifying an organism (i) identification of DNA with desirable genes; (ii) introduction of the identified DNA into the host; (iii) maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and transfer of the DNA to its progeny. Agrobacterium tumifaciens, a pathogen of several dicot plants is able to deliver a piece of DNA known as 'T-DNA' to transform normal plant cells into a tumor and direct these tumor cells to produce the chemicals required by the pathogen. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol. Selection of recombinants due to inactivation of antibiotics is a cumbersome procedure because it requires simultaneous plating on two plates having different antibiotics. Therefore, alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme, ß-galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the gene for synthesis of this enzyme, which is referred to as insertional inactivation.
Which enzyme is not used to lyse the cells for extraction of DNA?

Two long and parallel straight wires, each carrying current \(I\) in the same direction, are separated by a distance of 40 cm. If the force of attraction per metre between them is \(2 \times 10^{-6} \text{ N/m}\), the value of \(I\) will be: (Given: \(\mu_0 = 4\pi \times 10^{-7} \text{ T}⋅­­m⋅­­A^{-1}\))

Match List I with List II

List - I	List - II
(A) Prokaryotic DNA	(I) Nucleosome core
(B) Histones	(II) Higher level chromatin packaging
(C) Octamer	(III) Lysine, Arginine
(D) Non-histone chromosomal proteins	(IV) No charge
	(V) Nucleoid

Choose the correct answer from the options given below: