MTP is considered safe up to ___________ weeks of pregnancy.

Read the following paragraph and answer the given questions.
Repeated amplification is achieved by the use of a thermostable DNA polymerase (isolated from a bacterium, Thermus aquaticus), which remain active during the high temperature induced denaturation of double stranded DNA. The separated DNA fragments can be visualised only after staining the DNA with a compound known as ethidium bromide followed by exposure to UV radiation. The separated bands of DNA are cut out from the agarose gel and extracted from the gel piece. The convention for naming these enzymes is the first letter of the name comes from the genus and the second two letters come from the species of the prokaryotic cell from which they were isolated, e.g., EcoRI comes from Escherichia coli RY 13. In EcoRI, the letter 'R' is derived from the name of strain. Roman numbers following the names indicate the order in which the enzymes were isolated from that strain of bacteria. Stanley Cohen and Herbert Boyer accomplished this in 1972 by isolating the antibiotic resistance gene by cutting out a piece of DNA from a plasmid which was responsible for conferring antibiotic resistance. Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA, RNA, protein, polysaccharides etc. The RNA can be removed by treatment with ribonuclease whereas proteins can be removed by treatment with protease. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol.

In agarose gel electrophoresis, the separated DNA fragments can be visualized with the help of compound known as:

The figure is showing the technique of gel electrophoresis. The matrix used in this technique is made out of:

In biolistic method, the cells are bombarded with high velocity microparticles of:

Select the observations drawn from the human genome project which are correct.
(A) The human genome contains 3164.7 million bp.
(B) The average gene consists of 3000 bases.
(C) Total number of genes is estimated at 30,000.
(D) The functions are unknown for over 50% of discovered genes.
(E) Less than 2% of the genome codes for proteins.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Read the following passage carefully and answer the given questions
The earthworm is referred to as the farmer's friend. This is because they help in the breakdown of complex organic matter as well as in loosening of soil. Similarly, decomposers break down complex organic matter into inorganic substances like carbon dioxide, water and nutrients and the process is called decomposition. Dead plant remains such as leaves, bark, flowers and dead remains of animals, including fecal matter, constitute detritus, which is the raw material for decomposition. Some of the steps in the process of decomposition are fragmentation, catabolism, leaching, humification etc.
The degradation of detritus into simpler inorganic substances by the bacterial and fungal enzymes is called as-

Identify the regions of the transcription unit.
(A) Promoter
(B) Sigma factor
(C) Terminator
(D) The structural gene
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

Two identical capacitors are connected in parallel combination. Their equivalent capacitance is \( C_1 \). If the plate area is halved and separation between plates is doubled for both the capacitors, their equivalent capacitance now is \( C_2 \). Find the ratio \( C_1/C_2 \).

The magnetic nature of elements depends on the presence of unpaired electrons.
Identify the configuration of a transition element which shows the highest magnetic moment:

Baculoviruses are pathogen that attack :

The electric field intensity at a distance of 20 cm from the centre of a small conducting sphere is \(1.5 \times 10^3 \text{ N}⋅­­C^{-1}\) and is directed towards the sphere. The charge on the sphere is:

Two similar magnetic poles having pole strengths in the ratio 1 : 4 are placed 6 cm apart. The distance from a smaller pole in strength where net magnetic field is zero will be :

Arrange the following wall layers of microsporangium starting from outer to inner layer.
(A) Tapetum
(B) Endothecium
(C) Middle layers
(D) Epidermis
Choose the correct answer from the options given below: