Match List I with List II

LIST I (Drugs)	LIST II (Obtained from)
A. Heroin	I. Tobacco plant
B. Cannabinoids	II. Erythroxylum coca
C. Cocaine	III. Cannabis sativa
D. Nicotine	IV. Papaver somniferum

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Immune System in the Body
The human immune system consists of lymphoid organs, tissues, cells and soluble molecules like antibodies. The primary lymphoid organs are bone marrow and thymus where immature lymphocytes differentiate into antigen-sensitive lymphocytes. After maturation the lymphocytes migrate to secondary lymphoid organs like spleen, lymph nodes, tonsils, Peyer's patches of small intestine and appendix. The secondary lymphoid organs provide the sites for interaction of lymphocytes with the antigen, which then proliferate to become effector cells. The bone marrow is the main lymphoid organ where all blood cells including lymphocytes are produced. Each antibody molecule has four peptide chains, two small called light chains and two longer called heavy chains. Hence, an antibody is represented as H2L2. Different types of antibodies are produced in our body. IgA, IgM, IgE, IgG are some of them. Techniques like radiography (use of X-rays), CT (computed tomography) and MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) are very useful to detect cancers of the internal organs.
An antibody is represented as -

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Recombinant DNA Technology
Asexual reproduction preserves the genetic information, while sexual reproduction permits variation. Traditional hybridization procedures used in plants and animals breeding very often lead to inclusion and multiplication of undesirable genes along with the desired genes. The techniques of genetic engineering, which include creation of recombinant DNA, use of gene cloning and gene transfer, overcome this limitation and allow us to isolate and introduce only one or a set of desirable genes without introducing genes into the target organism.
Which one of the following techniques is used to amplify a specific DNA
sequence?

In humans, mammary gland is divided into _________ lobes.

Match List-I with List-II

List-I (Strategies of an organism)	List-II (Example)
(A) Organisms breed only once in their lifetime	(I) Desert lizard
(B) Organisms breed many times during their lifetime	(II) Oysters
(C) Organisms produce large number of small sized offspring	(III) Salmon fish and bamboo
(D) Some organisms show behavioral responses with variation in their environment	(IV) Birds and mammals

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Humans have 23 pairs of chromosomes. 22 pairs are exactly same in both males and females; these are the autosomes. A pair of X-chromosome are present in the female, whereas the presence of an X and Y chromosome are determinant of the male characteristic.
A number of disorders in human beings have been found to be associated with the inheritance of changed or altered genes or chromosomes. Broadly, genetic disorder may be grouped into two categories-Mendelian disorders and Chromosomal disorders
Which of the following is an example of a sex linked disease?

The gene encoding resistance to which antibiotic are considered useful selectable marker for E. coli.
(A) ampicillin
(B) tetracycline
(C) kanamycin
(D) penicillin
(E) chloramphenicol
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The programming problem
Max Z = 2x + 3y subject to the conditions \(0 \leq x \leq 3,0 \leq y \leq 4\) is:

A long solenoid carrying a current produces a magnetic field B along its axis. If the value of current is halved and the number of turns per unit length is doubled then the new value of magnetic field is:

In a silicon intrinsic semiconductor, the forbidden energy gap between the valence band and the conduction band is approximately equal to

The impact parameter for an \(\alpha\)-particle approaching a target nucleus is minimum when the scattering angle \(\theta\) is

A p-type semiconductor can be obtained by adding

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Pest Resistance Plants
Various nematodes parasitize a wide variety of plants and animals, including human beings. A nematode, Meloidogyne incognitia, infects the roots of tobacco plants and causes a great reduction in yield. A noval strategy was adopted to prevent this infestation which was based on the process of RNA interference (RNAi). RNAi takes place in all eukaryotic organisms as a method of cellular defense. This method involves silencing of a specific mRNA due to a complementary dsRNA molecule that binds to and prevents translation of the mRNA (silencing). Plants, bacteria, fungi and animals whose genes have been altered by manipulation are called Genetically Modified Organisms (GMO). GM plants have been useful in many ways. Genetic modification has: (i) made crops more tolerant to abiotic stresses (cold, drought, salt, heat). (ii) reduced reliance on chemical pesticides (pest-resistant crops). (iii) helped to reduce post harvest losses. (iv) increased efficiency of mineral usage by plants (this prevents early exhaustion of fertility of soil). (v) enhanced nutritional value of food, e.g., golden rice, i.e., Vitamin 'A' enriched rice. Genetic modification of organisms can have unpredicatable results when such organisms are introduced into the ecosystem. Therefore, the Indian Government has set up organisations such as GEAC (Genetic Engineering Approval Committee), which will make decisions regarding the validity of GM research and the safety of introducing GM-organisms for public services. Some strains of Bacillus thuringiensis produce proteins that kill certain insects such as lepidopterans (tobacco budworm, armyworm), coleopterans (beetles) and dipterans (flies, mosquitoes).
The Indian Government organization GEAC stands for -