In RNA interference (RNAi) the genes are silenced using:

Read the given paragraph carefully and answer the following questions:
Since the DNA is enclosed within the membranes, we have to break the cell open to release DNA along with other macromolecules such as RNA, proteins, polysaccharides and also lipids. This can be achieved by treating the bacterial cells/plant or animal tissue with enzymes such as lysozyme (bacteria), cellulase (plant cells), chitinase (fungus). There are some basic steps in genetically modifying an organism (i) identification of DNA with desirable genes; (ii) introduction of the identified DNA into the host; (iii) maintenance of introduced DNA in the host and transfer of the DNA to its progeny. Agrobacterium tumifaciens, a pathogen of several dicot plants is able to deliver a piece of DNA known as 'T-DNA' to transform normal plant cells into a tumor and direct these tumor cells to produce the chemicals required by the pathogen. Other molecules can be removed by appropriate treatments and purified DNA ultimately precipitates out after the addition of chilled ethanol. Selection of recombinants due to inactivation of antibiotics is a cumbersome procedure because it requires simultaneous plating on two plates having different antibiotics. Therefore, alternative selectable markers have been developed which differentiate recombinants from non-recombinants on the basis of their ability to produce colour in the presence of a chromogenic substrate. In this, a recombinant DNA is inserted within the coding sequence of an enzyme, ß-galactosidase. This results into inactivation of the gene for synthesis of this enzyme, which is referred to as insertional inactivation.
Which one gives blue colored colonies if the plasmid in the bacteria does not have an insert?

Where does the fertilization and development takes place in the life cycle of Plasmodium?

Identify the correct hormone releasing IUDs?

In RNAi genes are silenced by:

The net primary productivity (NPP) in an ecosystem can be represented by:

Identify the hormone releasing IUDs -

Disputes related to paternity can be solved by:

Match List-I With List-II

LIST – I (Transition metal ion)	LIST – II (Property)
(A) \(Mn ^{3+}\)	(I) \(3 d^6\), green
(B) \(Fe ^{2+}\)	(II) \(3 d^4\), violet
(C) \(Ti ^{4+}\)	(III) \(3 d^0\), colourless
(D) \(V ^{2+}\)	(IV) \(3 d^3\), violet

Choose the correct answer from the options below:

If A and B are two independent events then,
Match List I with List II

List - I	List - II
(A) \(P(A \cup B)\)	(I) \(P\left(A^{\prime}\right) P\left(B^{\prime}\right)\)
(B) P(not A or not B)	(II) \(P(A) ; P(B) \neq 0\)
(C) \(P(A / B)\)	(III) \(1-P\left(A^{\prime}\right) P\left(B^{\prime}\right)\)
(D) P(neither A nor B)	(IV) \(1-P(A) P(B)\)

Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

A thin infinite line charge has linear charge density of \( 2.0 \times 10^{-9} \text{ C/m} \). The electric field intensity at a distance of 3 m from the line charge is : (\( \frac{1}{4\pi\epsilon_0} = 9 \times 10^9 \))

The work function of a photosensitive material is 4.0 eV. The longest wavelength of light that can cause electron emission from the material is (approximately)

The de Broglie wavelength of an electron having kinetic energy 56 eV is :